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Mesa, Arizona

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Mesa is a major city located in Maricopa County, Arizona. It is situated within the United States and sits in the Sonoran Desert. The city is part of the Phoenix metropolitan area. It is the most populous city in the East Valley region. Mesa is the third-most populous city in Arizona, following Phoenix and Tucson. It is also the 37th-most populous city in the entire country.

Mesa City Hall
Mesa City Hall

Geography defines the boundaries and layout of the city. Mesa stretches from Price Road in the west to Meridian Road in the east. The city uses a specific grid system for its street numbering. This system differs from the one used in Phoenix. Center Street runs from north to south through the middle. This street bisects the city into two distinct halves. Streets west of Center Street are known as West Mesa. Streets east of Center Street are known as East Mesa.

The climate in Mesa is classified as a hot desert climate. This is known scientifically as a Köppen BWh climate. The weather features very hot summers and mild winters. Because it is in the desert, the heat is a major factor for residents. The advent of air conditioning helped the population grow significantly. This technology made the intense desert heat much easier to manage.

Mesa has a deep history dating back at least 2,000 years. The Hohokam culture lived in this region first. They were remarkable engineers who built a sophisticated canal system. These canals were the largest in the prehistoric New World. By 1100 CE, these canals delivered water to a massive area. This transformed the dry desert into a productive agricultural oasis.

Mesa-Mesa Grande Ruins-5
Mesa-Mesa Grande Ruins-5

Many of these ancient canals were still in use later. In 1877, Mormon pioneers arrived from St. George, Utah. Daniel Webster Jones and Henry Clay Rogers led a group to settle here. They initially called their settlement Fort Utah, and later Jonesville. Another group, the First Mesa Company, arrived from Utah and Idaho. They moved onto the mesa that gives the city its name. They dug irrigation canals and utilized the original Hohokam systems. By April 1878, water was flowing through their new canals.

The city's economy has shifted through many different stages. In 1960, exactly half of the residents worked in agriculture. As suburban growth increased, the number of farmers declined. Today, the city relies on different major employers. Mesa Public Schools is the largest employer with 7,726 employees. Banner Health follows with 6,826 employees. The Boeing Company is also a major employer in the area.

Mesa-Mesa Arizona Temple-1919
Mesa-Mesa Arizona Temple-1919

Modern Mesa offers many cultural and recreational attractions. The Mesa Arizona Temple is a notable historic landmark. It was one of the first LDS temples built outside of Utah. The city also hosts the Mesa Arts Center and several museums. For outdoor activities, Red Mountain Park offers 1,146 acres of land. This park includes a lake and various playgrounds. The city also features the Mesa Gateway Airport in the southeast.

Mesa City Hall
Mesa City Hall
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File:Mesa-Mesa Grande Ruins-5.JPG
Mesa-Mesa Grande Ruins-5.JPG
File:Mesa-Mesa Arizona Temple-1919.jpg
Mesa-Mesa Arizona Temple-1919.jpg
File:Mesa City Hall.jpg
Mesa City Hall.jpg
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