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Libya

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Libya is a large country located in North Africa.

Libya - Location Map (2013) - LBY - UNOCHA
Libya - Location Map (2013) - LBY - UNOCHA

It sits in a region called the Maghreb. To the north, the country meets the Mediterranean Sea.

Libyan Dessert
Libyan Dessert

It shares borders with Egypt to the east and Sudan to the southeast. To the south, it neighbors Chad and Niger. To the west, it borders Algeria and Tunisia. Libya is a very big place. It is the fourth-largest country in Africa and the Arab world. It is also the 16th-largest country in the whole world.

Libya (centered orthographic projection)
Libya (centered orthographic projection)

Life in Libya is shaped by its land and its resources. Much of the country is a dry desert.

Libyan Dessert
Libyan Dessert

The capital city is Tripoli, which sits in the northwest. More than one million people live in this large city. Most of the seven million people in Libya are Arab. They mostly speak Arabic and follow the religion of Islam. Libya is also known for what is under the ground. It has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves in the world. However, the country faces a hard job with water. It is one of the most water-stressed countries on Earth.

Water Stress, Top Countries (2020)
Water Stress, Top Countries (2020)

Many different groups have lived in Libya throughout history. Berbers have lived there since the late Bronze Age.

Archaeological Site of Sabratha-108976
Archaeological Site of Sabratha-108976

Long ago, the Phoenicians built trading posts on the coast. Greek cities were also built in the east. Later, the Roman Empire ruled parts of the land. The city of Leptis Magna was a very important place during Roman times.

Leptis Magna Arch of Septimus Severus
Leptis Magna Arch of Septimus Severus

After the Romans, the Vandals occupied the area. In the 7th century, invasions brought Islam to the region. This led to many Arab migrations that changed the culture.

Awjila (Libia) - The Mosque of Atiq
Awjila (Libia) - The Mosque of Atiq

Libya has seen many changes in its leadership. The Ottoman Empire ruled the area for a long time. Italy took control of Libya after a war in 1911.

Cartolina Giovanni Pastorelli
Cartolina Giovanni Pastorelli

Libya finally became an independent kingdom in 1951.

IdrisI3
IdrisI3

In 1969, a military group led by Muammar Gaddafi took power.

Gaddafi 1972
Gaddafi 1972

He ruled the country for 42 years. This long period ended during a civil war in 2011.

Libyan Civil War
Libyan Civil War

After he was overthrown, the National Transitional Council took over. This was part of a larger movement called the Arab Spring.

Since 2011, Libya has faced many political and human struggles.

LE Eithne Operation Triton
LE Eithne Operation Triton

The country has dealt with a political and humanitarian crisis. By 2014, two different groups claimed to lead the nation. This led to a second civil war. One group is based in Tripoli and another is in Tobruk.

Libyan Civil War
Libyan Civil War

In 2020, the main warring sides signed a ceasefire. They formed a unity government to plan for elections. However, different groups still compete for power today. In 2022, a new government called the Government of National Stability was proclaimed. This means there have been two governments working at the same time.

Libyan Civil War
Libyan Civil War
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🖼️ Images & Media (42)
Libya, Libya, Libya instrumental.ogg
File:Libya (centered orthographic projection).svg
Libya (centered orthographic projection).svg
File:Libya - Location Map (2013) - LBY - UNOCHA.svg
Libya - Location Map (2013) - LBY - UNOCHA.svg
File:Archaeological Site of Sabratha-108976.jpg
Archaeological Site of Sabratha-108976.jpg
File:Leptis Magna Arch of Septimus Severus.jpg
Leptis Magna Arch of Septimus Severus.jpg
File:Roman emperor Septimius Severus, 200-11; Altes Museum, Berlin (26307681078).jpg
Roman emperor Septimius Severus, 200-11;...
File:Awjila (Libia) - The Mosque of Atiq.jpg
Awjila (Libia) - The Mosque of Atiq.jpg
File:Capture of Tripoli by the Ottomans 1551.jpg
Capture of Tripoli by the Ottomans 1551.jpg
File:La città di Tripoli, capitale del regno dello stesso nome sulla costa di Barbaria, nell'Africa, 1766 – BEIC IE8943210.jpg
La città di Tripoli, capitale del regno...
File:Decatur Boarding the Tripolitan Gunboat.jpg
Decatur Boarding the Tripolitan Gunboat.jpg
File:Omar Mukhtar 13.jpg
Omar Mukhtar 13.jpg
File:Cartolina Giovanni Pastorelli.jpg
Cartolina Giovanni Pastorelli.jpg

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