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Lake Ladoga

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Lake Ladoga is a massive freshwater lake in northwestern Russia. It sits near the city of Saint Petersburg. The lake is located within the Republic of Karelia and the Leningrad Oblast.

Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary b33 242-0
Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary b33 242-0

It is the largest lake found entirely in Europe. In Russia, it is the second largest lake after Lake Baikal. Around the world, it ranks as the 14th largest lake by area. Its size is similar to Lake Ontario in North America.

The lake is very large and deep. It stretches 219 km from north to south. Its average width is 83 km. While the average depth is 47 m, it reaches 230 m in the northwest.

Baltic History 7500-BC
Baltic History 7500-BC

There are about 660 islands in the water. Most of these islands sit in the northwest part of the lake. Famous groups include the Valaam archipelago, Kilpola, and Konevets. The total area of these islands is about 435 km2.

Many rivers help fill this huge basin. About 85% of the water comes from these rivers. The Svir River flows in from the southeast. The Volkhov River flows in from the south. The Vuoksi River enters from the northwest.

Konevets Cathedral from east
Konevets Cathedral from east

The water leaves the lake through the Neva River. This river flows into the Gulf of Finland. The lake is also part of a waterway that connects the Baltic Sea to the Volga River.

Long ago, the lake looked very different. During the last ice ages, it was part of different seas. Around 7,000 years ago, it was part of the Baltic Ice Lake. Much later, it became part of the Ancylus Lake stage. The Neva River only formed much later. It likely broke through to the sea between 4,000 and 2,000 years ago. This changed how the water moved through the land.

People have used the lake for many things throughout history. In the Middle Ages, it was a vital path for trade. Many people lived near the shores and built monasteries. The Valaam Monastery is one famous site on an island.

Konevets Cathedral from east
Konevets Cathedral from east

During World War II, the lake was very important during the Siege of Leningrad. People used the ice to move supplies on the "Road of Life." Today, many people visit for fishing or to see the beautiful islands.

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Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic...
File:Baltic History 7500-BC.svg
Baltic History 7500-BC.svg
File:Konevets Cathedral from east.JPG
Konevets Cathedral from east.JPG
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