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Kathmandu

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Kathmandu is the capital and largest city of Nepal.

Kathmandu Photo College 2017
Kathmandu Photo College 2017

It sits in the center of the Kathmandu Valley. The city is a major hub for art and culture. It is also a very important place for business. Many travelers use the city as a gateway to the Nepal Himalayas.

Nepaul valley map 1802
Nepaul valley map 1802

The city is a busy place with a very large population. According to the 2021 census, 845,767 people live in the city. About 4 million people live in the surrounding metropolitan area. The city is growing very fast right now. In 2010, the valley was growing at a rate of 4% each year.

Many different groups of people live together in Kathmandu. Most people in the city are Hindu. There is also a large number of Vajrayana Buddhists. Religious festivals are a very important part of daily life.

Dipawali 2013 of Kathmandu
Dipawali 2013 of Kathmandu

The city has many famous World Heritage Sites. You can visit places like Durbar Square or the Boudhanath Stupa.

Boudha Stupa IMG 7804 2018 36
Boudha Stupa IMG 7804 2018 36

Other special sites include Swayambhu and Pashupatinath. These places show the deep history of the region. The city is also the headquarters for an organization called SAARC.

SAARC Secretariat at Kathmandu
SAARC Secretariat at Kathmandu

Legends tell us that the valley was once a huge lake.

Gautam buddha statue
Gautam buddha statue

The story says the deity Manjushri used a sword to drain the water. This allowed people to live on the land. Long ago, the valley was known as Nepal Mandala. It was the center for the Newar people. This group is a famous civilization in the Himalayan region. The city's name comes from a wooden building called Kasthamandap. This pavilion was built in 1596 by a man named Biseth. It was made entirely of wood without any iron nails.

Kathmandu durbar square
Kathmandu durbar square

Archaeologists have found very old things in the city. They found a statue in Maligaon that dates to 185 AD. They also found a brick with ancient writing on it.

Kathmandu 1811 high (cropped)
Kathmandu 1811 high (cropped)

This brick is thought to be two thousand years old. During the Licchavi era, the city grew through trade. People traded goods between India and Tibet. This brought new ideas and beautiful art to the valley. Newar artists even traveled to China and Tibet to share their work. One famous artist was named Araniko. A princess named Bhrikuti also helped spread Buddhism to Tibet.

Later, the Malla era brought even more building and art.

Kaal Bhairav at Hanumandhoka
Kaal Bhairav at Hanumandhoka

The valley was divided into four fortified cities. These cities competed to build the best temples and squares. This competition helped the arts and architecture grow very quickly. Many beautiful palaces and waterspouts were built during this time. However, the city has faced hard times too. A large earthquake in April 2015 destroyed many buildings. One famous building, the Kasthamandap, was lost but has since been rebuilt.

Swayambhunath 2018
Swayambhunath 2018

Even with these changes, Kathmandu remains a vital center for Nepal.

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🖼️ Images & Media (30)
File:Medbud BuddhaManjushri.jpg
Medbud BuddhaManjushri.jpg
File:Kathmandu durbar square.jpg
Kathmandu durbar square.jpg
File:Boudha Stupa IMG 7804 2018 36.jpg
Boudha Stupa IMG 7804 2018 36.jpg
File:Gautam buddha statue.jpg
Gautam buddha statue.jpg
File:Kaal Bhairav at Hanumandhoka.jpg
Kaal Bhairav at Hanumandhoka.jpg
File:Nepaul valley map 1802.jpg
Nepaul valley map 1802.jpg
File:Kathmandu 1811 high (cropped).jpg
Kathmandu 1811 high (cropped).jpg
File:IMG-cbda959226963b8c6bbdaf27da44fabd-V.jpg
IMG-cbda959226963b8c6bbdaf27da44fabd-V.jpg
File:Kathmandu Photo College 2017.jpg
Kathmandu Photo College 2017.jpg
File:Dipawali 2013 of Kathmandu.jpg
Dipawali 2013 of Kathmandu.jpg
File:The Licchavi Princess Bhrikuti Devi in Golden Temple, Patan.jpg
The Licchavi Princess Bhrikuti Devi in...
File:इन्द्र.jpg
इन्द्र.jpg

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