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Helmcken Falls

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Helmcken Falls is a massive waterfall located in British Columbia, Canada. It is a central feature of Wells Gray Provincial Park. The waterfall is formed by the Murtle River. This river flows over a high edge into a deep canyon.

Helmcken Falls (Columbia)
Helmcken Falls (Columbia)

The presence of these falls was a key reason for creating the park in 1939. The Murtle River is home to several other waterfalls. These include The Mushbowl, Dawson Falls, Majerus Falls, Horseshoe Falls, Meadow Falls, and McDougall Falls. Some are easy to reach by road. Others require hiking on trails or even traveling by air.

The landscape here was shaped by intense volcanic and water activity. The falls drop over the western escarpment of the Murtle Plateau. This plateau is a huge lava deposit. It belongs to the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field. This field began erupting from nearby fissures about 200,000 years ago. Fresh lava flowed in layer upon layer. This process eventually filled the wide valley of the Clearwater River.

Helmcken Falls (Columbia)
Helmcken Falls (Columbia)

Later, massive floods changed the land again. These floods occurred at the close of the last ice age about 10,000 years ago. The water eroded the lava to carve out the Helmcken Canyon below the falls.

A land surveyor named Robert Henry Lee is credited with discovering the falls. He worked for the British Columbia government. In 1911, Lee received a four-year contract to survey the North Thompson and Clearwater Valleys. By 1913, he was working south of the Murtle River. He was laying out lots for homesteaders. On July 24, 1913, Lee walked west from his remote camp. He reached the top of the waterfall and was very impressed. He wrote to the Premier of British Columbia, Sir Richard McBride. Lee requested that the site be named "McBride Falls."

The Premier chose a different name for the site. He decided to call it Helmcken Falls. This name honored John Sebastian Helmcken. He was a physician with the Hudson's Bay Company. Dr. Helmcken arrived in Victoria in 1850. He played a role in bringing British Columbia into the Canadian Confederation in 1871. Dr. Helmcken died in 1920 at the age of 95. Interestingly, he never actually saw the waterfall himself.

Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3
Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3

Many different trails allow people to explore the area. A short paved road leads to a viewing platform on the canyon rim. This platform offers a panorama of the falls. The Brink Trail is another option for visitors. It is 4 km long and follows the south bank of the Murtle River. This walk takes about one hour each way. There are no fences at the end of this trail. The Gatling Gorge trail is also available. It leads to the narrowest point of the Clearwater River. This trail takes about 1.5 hours each way.

Helmcken Falls (Columbia)
Helmcken Falls (Columbia)

Winter transforms the waterfall into a unique frozen environment. Most tourists visit during the summer. However, a large ice cone often grows at the base during cold winters. This cone can reach 50 m in height. In very cold, snowy winters, it sometimes reaches halfway up the falls. The best time to see this is from late January to the end of February. The ice cone usually collapses inward during March. Some remnants may still be visible in June.

Helmcken Falls (Columbia)
Helmcken Falls (Columbia)

Volunteers maintain the trails during this season. Travelers should use snow tires and tire chains for safety.

For athletes, the falls offer world-class ice climbing. The site is sometimes called the "Yosemite of ice climbing." Climbers tackle some of the highest graded ice climbs in the world. Notable climbs include Spray On, which was climbed in 2010. Other famous routes include Wolverine, Interstellar Spice, and Mission to Mars. These climbs are very difficult and require great skill.

Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3
Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3

This makes the falls a significant location for the sport of ice climbing.

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File:Helmcken_Falls_(Columbia).jpg
Helmcken_Falls_(Columbia).jpg
File:Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3.png
Angelika Rainer Helmcken Falls 3.png
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