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Hamster

life science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Hamsters are small, stout-bodied rodents that many people love as pets.

Cream-colored long-hair pet Syrian hamster with banana
Cream-colored long-hair pet Syrian hamster with banana

They belong to a group called Cricetinae, which includes 19 different species. The most famous one is the golden or Syrian hamster. Other popular pets include dwarf hamsters, like the Roborovski or the winter white dwarf.

Roborofskiohamster
Roborofskiohamster

Some hamsters, like the Chinese striped hamster, even have a dark stripe on their heads. These little animals are very important to people as both pets and laboratory animals.

One of the most amazing things about a hamster is how it eats. They have long cheek pouches that stretch all the way to their shoulders.

When a hamster finds food, it stuffs the items into these pouches. This allows them to carry seeds, fruits, or even insects back to their burrows. This behavior is called food hoarding. Once they reach their underground homes, they store the food in special chambers. This helps them stay prepared for later.

We have known about these animals for a long time. A scientist named George Robert Waterhouse first described the Syrian hamster in 1839.

Hamster clades
Hamster clades

However, people could not successfully breed them as pets until 1939. All the pet Syrian hamsters we see today come from just one pair of siblings. A zoologist named Israel Aharoni captured these two hamsters in Aleppo, Syria, in 1930. He brought them to the University of Jerusalem, where they were bred very successfully.

Hamsters have many unique physical traits and habits. They are omnivores, meaning they eat both plants and meat.

Pearl Winter White Russian Dwarf Hamster - Front
Pearl Winter White Russian Dwarf Hamster - Front

Their teeth, called incisors, are very sharp and grow continuously throughout their lives. They must chew on things to wear them down. Most hamsters are solitary, which means they prefer to live alone. If you put them together, they might fight fiercely.

Hamster fight
Hamster fight

In the wild, they are often crepuscular, meaning they are most active at dawn and dusk.

Even though they are small, hamsters have very strong senses. They have poor eyesight and are colorblind, so they cannot see far.

Syrian Hamster Cage
Syrian Hamster Cage

Instead, they rely on their sense of smell and hearing. They can hear very high-pitched sounds that humans cannot hear. They also have scent glands on their bodies to leave trails. These trails help them mark their territory or find their way. This helps them navigate their world even when they cannot see well.

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🖼️ Images & Media (12)
File:Hamster Ruso.jpg
Hamster Ruso.jpg
File:Pearl Winter White Russian Dwarf Hamster - Front.jpg
Pearl Winter White Russian Dwarf Hamster...
File:Roborofskiohamster.jpg
Roborofskiohamster.jpg
File:Campbells dwarf.jpg
Campbells dwarf.jpg
File:Hamster clades.svg
Hamster clades.svg
File:Die vergleichende Osteologie (1821) Cricetus cricetus.jpg
Die vergleichende Osteologie (1821)...
File:Cream-colored long-hair pet Syrian hamster with banana.jpg
Cream-colored long-hair pet Syrian...
File:Hamster fight.jpg
Hamster fight.jpg
File:Hamster with babies.jpg
Hamster with babies.jpg
Dwarf hamsters eating cooked, frozen...
File:Hamster standing in exercise wheel.jpg
Hamster standing in exercise wheel.jpg
File:Syrian Hamster Cage.jpg
Syrian Hamster Cage.jpg
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