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Hainaut Province

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Hainaut is a province in the Wallonia region of Belgium.

Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number
Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number

It sits on the far western edge of this French-speaking area. To the south, it shares a border with the French department of Nord. Within Belgium, it touches several other places. These include West Flanders, East Flanders, and Flemish Brabant to the north. It also borders Walloon Brabant and Namur.

Carte du comté de Hainaut
Carte du comté de Hainaut

This province is a very important part of the country. It is home to more than 1.36 million people.

The land in Hainaut has many different shapes. Much of the province has a rolling landscape with gentle hills. One famous area is the Pays des Collines, or the Hill Country.

Pays des Collines 73
Pays des Collines 73

The southern part is different and much more hilly. People call this area the Boot of Hainaut. It is part of the Ardennes and its foothills. The highest point in the whole province is at L'Escaillère. This village sits at an altitude of 365 metres. In the south, you can also find the Eau d'Heure lakes. These five artificial lakes are the largest lake area in Belgium.

History has shaped Hainaut for a very long time. The province comes from a place called the Jemmape department. This was formed in 1795 during the French Revolution. It was made from parts of the old County of Hainaut. It also included parts of the Tournaisis and the County of Namur. Some of these lands even came from the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. Much of the original historical county is now inside France. This part is sometimes called French Hainaut.

Many different cities make up the province. Mons is the capital city of Hainaut. However, Mons is not the largest city there. Charleroi is the most populous city in the province. It is a major hub for culture and money. It is also the fifth largest city in all of Belgium. Another important place is the city of Tournai. It sits on the Scheldt river. Tournai is one of the oldest cities in the country. It was once the first capital of the Frankish Empire.

Life in Hainaut involves many different languages and jobs. Most people speak French. In the west and center, people also speak Picard. In the east, people speak a mix called Wallo-Picard. Some people near the Flemish border speak Dutch dialects too. The province is divided into 7 districts and 69 municipalities.

Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number
Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number

Some areas, like the Borinage, are known for old coal mining. The province also has a strong economy. In 2018, its economic output was 34.2 billion euros.

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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Pays des Collines 73.jpg
Pays des Collines 73.jpg
File:Carte du comté de Hainaut.jpg
Carte du comté de Hainaut.jpg
File:Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number.svg
Municipalities Hainaut Belgium Map - Number.svg
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