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Gyumri

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Gyumri is a large city in the northwest part of Armenia.

2014 Prowincja Szirak, Giumri, Urząd Miasta (08)
2014 Prowincja Szirak, Giumri, Urząd Miasta (08)

It serves as the main center for the Shirak Province. This city is the second-largest urban area in the whole country.

View over Gyumri rooftops to Mount Aragats
View over Gyumri rooftops to Mount Aragats

People often visit because it is a famous cultural hub. Many artists and craftsmen come from this special place. The city sits in a region with a long history of many different people.

Map of Caucasus 1801
Map of Caucasus 1801

The city has changed its name many times over the years.

Beniamin 11
Beniamin 11

Long ago, the area was known as Kumayri during the time of the Kingdom of Urartu. In 1837, it was renamed Alexandropol to honor Princess Alexandra Fyodorovna.

Later, between 1924 and 1990, it was called Leninakan. After the Soviet Union broke up, the name changed again. It was used as Kumayri until 1992.

Alexandropol 1901
Alexandropol 1901

Finally, the name Gyumri was chosen for the city.

Archaeologists have found that people lived here for a very long time.

13-Urartu-9-6mta
13-Urartu-9-6mta

Evidence shows people lived in this area since the third millennium BC. The name Kumayri appears in old inscriptions from the 8th century BC.

Standard of the Artaxiad dynasty
Standard of the Artaxiad dynasty

The region was part of many different groups, like the Achaemenid Empire. It was also part of the ancient Armenian Kingdom.

Yervanduni Armenia, IV-II BC
Yervanduni Armenia, IV-II BC

Many families and groups ruled the land through the ages. This includes the Orontids, the Artaxiads, and the Bagratids.

In the 1800s, the city grew very fast under Russian rule.

Gyumri fort
Gyumri fort

A large Russian fortress was built on the site in 1837. The city became a major center for Russian troops during wars.

Severski avanpost church in Gyumri
Severski avanpost church in Gyumri

By the end of the 19th century, it was the largest city in Eastern Armenia. It had 430 shopping stores and many different workshops.

Surb Nshan1
Surb Nshan1

The city also had a theater and schools. It was a busy place for making things like soap and textiles.

Life in Gyumri has had some very difficult moments.

Old Gyumri 03
Old Gyumri 03

A huge earthquake hit the city in 1988. This event devastated the area and changed the population.

Before the earthquake, over 200,000 people lived there. By the 2011 census, the number was 121,976.

Surp Khach Gyumri, Armenia, June 2015
Surp Khach Gyumri, Armenia, June 2015

The 2022 census showed a population of 112,301. Even with these hard times, the Kumayri historic district still stands. It shows beautiful, authentic Armenian architecture from the 19th century.

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🖼️ Images & Media (44)
File:Beniamin 11.JPG
Beniamin 11.JPG
File:13-Urartu-9-6mta.gif
13-Urartu-9-6mta.gif
File:Yervanduni Armenia, IV-II BC.gif
Yervanduni Armenia, IV-II BC.gif
File:Standard of the Artaxiad dynasty.svg
Standard of the Artaxiad dynasty.svg
File:Map of the Caucasus, 740 CE.svg
Map of the Caucasus, 740 CE.svg
File:Bagratuni flag.svg
Bagratuni flag.svg
File:Flag of the Kingdom of Georgia.svg
Flag of the Kingdom of Georgia.svg
File:Safavid Flag.svg
Safavid Flag.svg
File:Flag of Russia.svg
Flag of Russia.svg
File:Flag of Armenia (1918–1922).svg
Flag of Armenia (1918–1922).svg
File:Flag of Turkey.svg
Flag of Turkey.svg
File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg

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