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Goji

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Goji berries are small, red fruits that come from two different plants. These plants are called Lycium barbarum and Lycium chinense. They both belong to the nightshade family, which is a group of plants called Solanaceae.

Lycium chinense(siamak sabet) (1)
Lycium chinense(siamak sabet) (1)

Even though the two plants are close relatives, they are not exactly the same. You can tell them apart by how they taste and how much sugar they have.

Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05
Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05

Many people call these berries wolfberries or goji berries. In the United States, some people use names like desert-thorn or matrimony vine to describe them.

Growing and preparing goji berries involves several careful steps. When the berries are ripe, they are red and shaped like small ovals.

Goji berries
Goji berries

Because they are tender, farmers must pick them by hand or shake them into trays. This prevents the fruit from spoiling too quickly. Most goji berries are sold in a dried form.

Lycium chinense MHNT
Lycium chinense MHNT

To dry them, farmers use the sun on open trays or use machines. These machines use heat that gets stronger over 48 hours. This process makes the berries wrinkle, making them look a bit like raisins.

People have used these berries for a very long time. Since at least the 3rd century AD, they have been used in traditional medicine. This includes traditional medicine in China, Japan, and Korea.

Goji dried berries
Goji dried berries

Scientists have even given the plant a formal name. A man named Linnaeus assigned the genus name Lycium in 1753. The name Lycium comes from a Greek word. This word was used by people like Pliny the Elder and Dioscorides. It refers to an ancient place called Lycia in Anatolia where certain plants grew.

Today, China is the main place where goji berries are grown. In 2023, the production area was about 325,000 mu. This creates a huge economy worth about 29 billion yuan.

WolfberrySeedOil
WolfberrySeedOil

A large part of this, about 61 percent, comes from the Ningxia region. Most of these plants grow near the Yellow River. In the United States, farmers began growing them on a large scale in the early 2000s. Other countries like Canada and Australia also deal with goji berries. Australia mostly imports its berries from China because labor is more expensive there.

It is interesting to see how goji berries connect to our daily lives. You might find them in your granola bars or as a juice.

Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05
Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05

However, some companies make big claims about them. They might say the berries can cure diseases or help people live very long lives. Some stories say a man named Li Qing Yuen lived to be 256 years old because of them. But the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has warned that these health claims are often unproven. It is important to remember that these berries are foods, not proven medicines.

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🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05.jpg
Lycium barbarum - Wolfberries China 7-05.jpg
File:Lycium chinense(siamak sabet) (1).jpg
Lycium chinense(siamak sabet) (1).jpg
File:Goji berries.jpg
Goji berries.jpg
File:Lycium chinense MHNT.jpg
Lycium chinense MHNT.jpg
File:WolfberrySeedOil.png
WolfberrySeedOil.png
File:Goji dried berries.jpg
Goji dried berries.jpg
File:Goji Berries.jpg
Goji Berries.jpg
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