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Go Seigen

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Go Seigen was a legendary master of the board game Go. Many players consider him the greatest player of the 20th century. Born on June 12, 1914, in Fujian Province, China, he was originally named Wu Chuan. His courtesy name, Wu Ching-yuan, reflected his real name. Chuan means "spring" or "fountain," while Ching-yuan means "clear and pure source of water."

Go Seigen teaching to a young Rin Kaiho
Go Seigen teaching to a young Rin Kaiho

He began learning Go at age nine. This was later in life compared to other professionals. However, he excelled with incredible speed. By age 12, he already possessed professional strength.

Go Seigen moved to Japan in 1928 to pursue a professional career. He was invited by Baron Kihachiro Okura and Inukai Tsuyoshi. In Japan, he studied under the teacher Segoe Kensaku. Go Seigen quickly rose to the top of the professional world. By age 18, he belonged to a very small elite of players. He was famous for his fast-paced development and fighting style. He used accurate reading and strong positional judgment. He often used much less time during a game than his opponents. He was also a master of using "thickness," which refers to strong positions on the board.

In 1933, Go Seigen helped change the game of Go forever. Along with his friend Kitani Minoru, he developed the Shinfuseki. This was a revolutionary way to play the opening moves of a match. It broke away from traditional, old patterns. Because of this contribution, they are called the fathers of modern Go.

GovsShusai
GovsShusai

He also invented a specific move pattern called the uchimagari, or inward bending, avalanche joseki. He first played this variation during a match against Takagawa Kaku in 1957. These innovations helped move the game into a more modern era of experimentation.

Go Seigen was a dominant force in professional matches. He was famous for playing Jubango. A Jubango is a contest consisting of ten games between two players. He won many of these against the most famous players of his era. He defeated masters like Hashimoto Utaro, Iwamoto Kaoru, and Sakata Eio. He even won the Oteai tournament six times. One of his most impressive feats was his record against Takagawa Kaku. Between 1951 and 1960, Go Seigen won 22 games against him, while Takagawa won 13.

Go Seigen vs Fujisawa Hosai – Mainichi Shinbun event (oct 1957)
Go Seigen vs Fujisawa Hosai – Mainichi Shinbun event (oct 1957)

One of his most famous matches was against Honinbo Shusai. Shusai was the highest authority and tradition in Japanese Go. This match began on October 16, 1933, and lasted almost three months. Go Seigen caused a sensation by playing his first three moves at the 3-3, 4-4, and center points. This was a very unusual opening at the time. The match was highly publicized, but it was also difficult for Go Seigen. Because of rising nationalism, he faced harassment and threats. Even so, the match became a seminal event for the Shinfuseki movement. Shusai eventually won the game by two points.

Go Seigen's career faced a major change in the summer of 1961. He was struck by a motorcycle and spent months in the hospital. The accident caused permanent nerve damage. This damage affected his stamina and his ability to concentrate. He suffered from nausea and dizziness during long, grueling matches. These physical struggles made it hard to play at his highest level. He began to play less frequently and entered virtual retirement in 1964. He did not officially retire from the game until 1983.

Even after his playing days slowed, Go Seigen remained a vital part of the Go community. He spent his time teaching, writing, and promoting the game globally. He had two formal disciples: Rin Kaiho and the strong female player Rui Naiwei. He also authored several important books. These included "A Way of Play for the 21st Century" and "Modern Joseki Application Dictionary." In 1987, he received the Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun. He died of natural causes on November 30, 2014, at the age of 100. He was buried in his hometown of Fuzhou, China.

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File:Go Seigen teaching to a young Rin Kaiho.jpg
Go Seigen teaching to a young Rin Kaiho.jpg
File:Go Seigen vs Fujisawa Hosai – Mainichi Shinbun event (oct 1957).jpg
Go Seigen vs Fujisawa Hosai – Mainichi...
File:GovsShusai.jpg
GovsShusai.jpg
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