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Fuxin

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Fuxin is a prefecture-level city located in the northwestern part of Liaoning province. It is situated in the People's Republic of China. The city shares a border with the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to its north.

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As a prefecture-level division, it manages a large area and many different local zones. The city serves as a significant center for both mining and agriculture. It is currently navigating a major transition in its economic history.

The administration of Fuxin is divided into seven distinct county-level divisions. These include five urban districts: Haizhou, Xinqiu, Taiping, Qinghemen, and Xihe. There is also one county, known as Zhangwu County. Finally, there is one autonomous county called the Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County. The four urban districts together make up the built-up metro area. This central area is collectively referred to as Fuxin City. The population of the entire prefecture has been decreasing recently. In 2010, the population was 1,819,339 people. By the 2020 census, it had fallen to 1,647,280 inhabitants.

The climate in Fuxin follows a monsoon-influenced humid continental pattern. This is known scientifically as the Köppen Dwa climate. This system creates very distinct seasonal changes for the region. The winters are long, cold, and typically dry. In contrast, the summers are hot and humid. Most of the annual precipitation occurs during a very short window. The majority of the rain falls during July and August alone. This creates a cycle of intense moisture during the warmer months.

Fuxin is globally recognized for its mineral resources, specifically agate. The city is widely known as China's "Agate City." It holds a massive share of the nation's mineral wealth. Specifically, 50% of all known agate deposits in China are located here. The city is also a massive center for manufacturing. It accounts for more than 90% of all agate products in the country. This makes the agate industry a vital part of the local identity.

For many years, the economy relied heavily on coal mining. However, the city has faced a serious challenge with over-mining. The coal supply is becoming very low. In 2001, Fuxin was identified as the first city in mainland China with exhausted resources. This resource depletion has caused significant economic shifts. In 2020, the city faced scrutiny regarding very low house prices. Some reports noted prices lower than 75 dollars per square meter. These were sometimes called "cabbage-priced" houses because they were so inexpensive.

To combat the loss of coal, Fuxin is seeking new industries. The city has developed a Special Economic Zone to attract international investment. This zone is designed to bring in new businesses and capital. In 2009, the city approved 25 foreign-funded enterprises and two joint-venture projects. The total value of contracted funds for these investments exceeded US$143 million. Foreign direct investment, or FDI, reached US$64.12 million that year. This was a 24% increase over the previous year. This success exceeded the Liaoning provincial target by 17%.

The wind power industry has become a primary driver of this new growth. In 2009, wind power accounted for more than 70% of the total FDI. This industry is helping to replace the old mining economy. This transition is a key part of the city's survival strategy. By focusing on renewable energy, Fuxin is attempting to build a more sustainable future. This shift represents a move from underground resources to atmospheric energy.

Transportation links make Fuxin accessible to many major Chinese regions. The city is served by China National Highway 101, which connects Beijing to Shenyang. It is also part of the NTHS system via the G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway. The G2512 Fuxin–Jinzhou Expressway connects the city to Jinzhou. Rail transport provides even more connections to major cities. Trains link Fuxin to Beijing, Tianjin, and Shenyang. There is even a direct train that runs between Fuxin and Shanghai. This connects the city to the booming Chinese East coast region.

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