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Era

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An era is a way to group long spans of time. People use these groups to organize history or the study of the Earth. You might hear words like age, epoch, or period to describe time. An era helps us make sense of many years at once. It can mark the start of a new way of living. It can also mark a major change in our world.

There are different ways to use the word era. A calendar era uses a specific starting date called an epoch. This date might be the birth of a leader or a religious event. Some eras count years from a single point in time. Others are regnal eras. These are units used when time resets for each new ruler. In this system, each ruler starts the count at year one again.

History shows us many ways people have counted time. The Spanish era was calculated from 38 BC. The Islamic calendar counts years from the Hijra. This was when Muhammad moved from Mecca to Medina in 622 AD. Many Buddhist calendars count from the death of the Buddha. The Japanese used an imperial system from 1872 until the Second World War. This system counted from the founding of Japan in 660 BC.

Scientists use eras to study the very long history of our planet. These are called geologic eras. They describe time spans that are much longer than human history. The Phanerozoic Eon is divided into three main eras. The Cenozoic is the youngest era and began 66.038 million years ago. The Mesozoic era is in the middle. It lasted from 252.17 million years ago until 66.038 million years ago. The oldest of these is the Paleozoic era.

Eras also help us talk about culture and society. We use names like the Victorian era to talk about Queen Victoria's time. Historians might speak of the Roman era or the Elizabethan era. You can even find musical eras, like the disco era. These names help us group similar ideas or events together. They make the long story of the world easier to follow.

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