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Easter Island

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Easter Island is a very remote place in the southeastern Pacific Ocean.

Easter Island or Rapa Nui and Salas y Gómez Island, Chile, its territorial waters and the surrounding continental shelf
Easter Island or Rapa Nui and Salas y Gómez Island, Chile, its territorial waters and the surrounding continental shelf

It sits at the edge of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. This island is a special territory belonging to Chile.

Rapa-Nui-Landscape
Rapa-Nui-Landscape

It is one of the most isolated inhabited places in the world. The nearest land with people is Pitcairn Island, which is quite far away. The nearest large town is Rikitea on the island of Mangareva. Even the nearest continent, central Chile, is a long way from these shores.

The island is famous for its nearly 1,000 massive stone statues.

Hangaroa Moais
Hangaroa Moais

These monumental figures are called moai. The early Rapa Nui people created them to honor important people. Some think they represent ancestors or powerful chiefs.

Skeletal easter island statue
Skeletal easter island statue

These statues are part of a culture that was very industrious. Much of the island is now protected in Rapa Nui National Park. In 1995, UNESCO named the island a World Heritage Site to keep it safe.

History tells us that Polynesian people first reached the island long ago.

Habitans de L'ile de Pasques by Louis Choris (British Museum, Oc2006,Prt.62)
Habitans de L'ile de Pasques by Louis Choris (British Museum, Oc2006,Prt.62)

Some researchers thought they arrived around the year 800. However, a 2007 study suggests they arrived closer to the year 1200. Oral traditions say a chief named Hotu Matu'a led a two-canoe expedition to the island.

They likely sailed from places like the Cook Islands or Mangareva. These travelers used amazing sea-navigation skills to find this tiny speck of land.

The island has faced many hard times in its history.

Queen of Easter Island meets Pinart in 1877
Queen of Easter Island meets Pinart in 1877

In 1722, a Dutch explorer named Jacob Roggeveen arrived on Easter Sunday. He gave the island its name, which is also used in Spanish. Later, the population faced many dangers from diseases and slave raids. In the 1860s, many people were taken away or died. This caused the number of native people to drop to only 111 in 1877. Chile took control of the island in 1888, and people gained Chilean citizenship in 1966.

Today, life on the island is a mix of many traditions.

Chile- Rapa Nui with love, stone carving
Chile- Rapa Nui with love, stone carving

The 2017 census showed that about 7,750 people live there now. Many of these people identify as Rapa Nui. Spanish is an official language, making it unique in Polynesia.

Rongo-rongo script
Rongo-rongo script

You can still see traces of the old ways in the landscape and the carvings. The island remains a place of great wonder for everyone who visits.

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🖼️ Images & Media (27)
File:Ipomoea batatas 'rapa nui' 20220119 121604.jpg
Ipomoea batatas 'rapa nui' 20220119 121604.jpg
File:Hodges easter-island.jpg
Hodges easter-island.jpg
File:Habitans de L'ile de Pasques by Louis Choris (British Museum, Oc2006,Prt.62).jpg
Habitans de L'ile de Pasques by Louis...
File:Easter Island 11.jpg
Easter Island 11.jpg
File:EasterIsland 1772.JPG
EasterIsland 1772.JPG
File:L'écriture, p. 127.jpg
L'écriture, p. 127.jpg
File:Monuments et insulaires de l'île de Pâques 1786.jpg
Monuments et insulaires de l'île de...
File:Eugène Eyraud.jpg
Eugène Eyraud.jpg
File:Queen of Easter Island meets Pinart in 1877.jpg
Queen of Easter Island meets Pinart in 1877.jpg
File:Policarpo Toro.jpg
Policarpo Toro.jpg
File:Bandera de la isla de Pascua 1902.jpg
Bandera de la isla de Pascua 1902.jpg
File:Pascuenses.jpg
Pascuenses.jpg

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