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Dutch Schultz

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Arthur Simon Flegenheimer was a notorious American mobster. Most people knew him by his nickname, Dutch Schultz.

Dutch Schultz 1919 Mugshot
Dutch Schultz 1919 Mugshot

He operated primarily in New York City during the 1920s and 1930s. Schultz built a massive fortune through organized crime activities. These included bootlegging, which is the illegal shipment of alcohol. He also ran the numbers racket, a form of illegal gambling. His career was defined by violence, legal battles, and intense competition.

Schultz's early life was marked by instability. He was born in the Bronx on August 6, 1901. His parents were German Jewish immigrants named Herman and Emma Flegenheimer. His father apparently abandoned the family during his childhood. This event caused deep trauma for young Flegenheimer. He left school in the eighth grade to support his mother. Between 1916 and 1919, he worked various manual labor jobs. Eventually, he turned to burglary and was sent to prison on Blackwell's Island.

Prohibition changed the course of his criminal career. The Volstead Act made the sale of alcohol illegal. This era allowed Schultz to expand his wealth through bootlegging. In the mid-1920s, he worked as a bouncer at the Hub Social Club. He became a partner with a gangster named Joey Noe. Together, they opened many illegal drinking establishments, or speakeasies, in the Bronx. They used their own trucks to transport beer from New Jersey. Schultz often rode in these trucks to guard the shipments from hijackers.

His rise to power led to frequent gang wars. The Noe-Schultz gang became a major rival to the Italian Mafia. They fought a violent bootleg war against the Irish mob. This Irish group was led by Jack "Legs" Diamond. In 1928, Joey Noe was shot and later died from his wounds. Schultz retaliated by allegedly ordering the killing of crime boss Arnold Rothstein. Later, Diamond himself was killed in an Albany rooming house in 1931. These conflicts were constant as different groups fought for territory.

Schultz also faced internal rebellion and extortion schemes. One of his enforcers, Vincent Coll, tried to take over the gang. Coll earned the nickname "Mad Dog" after a violent conflict. Coll was eventually shot to death in a drugstore in 1932. Schultz also used extortion to increase his profits. He forced restaurant owners to join the Metropolitan Restaurant & Cafeteria Owners Association. If owners refused, they faced strikes or attacks with stink bombs. This system allowed his associate, Jules Modgilewsky, to collect massive amounts of money.

Legal pressure eventually weakened his criminal empire. United States Attorney Thomas Dewey led several tax evasion trials against him. Schultz was indicted in 1933 and became a fugitive. He used a specific strategy to win his legal battles. In Malone, New York, he acted like a generous country gentleman. He donated money to local businesses and gave toys to children. This helped him win an acquittal in late 1935. However, Mayor Fiorello La Guardia ordered his immediate arrest if he returned to the city.

Dutch Schultz Wanted Poster
Dutch Schultz Wanted Poster

Schultz's downfall was caused by his own defiance. He needed money for his legal defense fund. To get it, he reduced the payments to his associates. This angered the people running his gambling rackets. They eventually went on strike, which cut off his cash flow. His chief lieutenant, Bo Weinberg, sought advice from the mob boss Lucky Luciano. Luciano wanted to dismantle Schultz's gang once he was convicted. Schultz even asked the Commission, the Mafia's governing body, to allow him to kill Dewey. The Commission refused his request.

Because Schultz disobeyed the Commission, they ordered his death. In 1935, gunmen shot him at a restaurant in Newark, New Jersey. He died the following day. His life ended as a direct result of the very criminal world he helped build.

1 Dutch Schultz 800
1 Dutch Schultz 800
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File:Dutch Schultz 1919 Mugshot.jpg
Dutch Schultz 1919 Mugshot.jpg
File:Dutch Schultz Wanted Poster.jpg
Dutch Schultz Wanted Poster.jpg
File:1 Dutch Schultz 800.jpg
1 Dutch Schultz 800.jpg
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