Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
📖

Albert Anastasia

society Maturity 11-13 death dying war conflict Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: death_dying, war_conflict. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Albert Anastasia was a central figure in the development of the modern American Mafia. He was a high-ranking crime boss and a notorious hitman who operated primarily in New York City.

AnastasiaMugshot1936
AnastasiaMugshot1936

Anastasia was a co-founder and leader of the organization known as Murder, Inc. He also rose to become the boss of what is now called the Gambino crime family. Throughout his career, he maintained significant control over the New York City waterfront through dockworker unions. His reputation for extreme violence earned him several intimidating nicknames. These included "The Mad Hatter," "The Lord High Executioner," "The Earthquake," and "The One-Man Army."

Anastasia was born Umberto Anastasio on September 26, 1902, in Parghelia, Calabria, Italy. He was one of nine children born to Bartolomeo Anastasio and Marianna Polistena. After his father died following World War I, Anastasia and three of his brothers immigrated to the United States in 1919. They arrived after deserting a freighter in New York City. The brothers began working as longshoremen on the Brooklyn waterfront.

Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal District Court with his attorney, Anthony Colendra
Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal District Court with his attorney, Anthony Colendra

His early years in America involved frequent legal struggles. In 1921, he was convicted of murder, but a retrial in 1922 resulted in his release. During this period, he legally changed his surname from Anastasio to Anastasia.

By the late 1920s, Anastasia had gained significant influence within the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA). He controlled six local chapters of the union in Brooklyn. He formed powerful alliances with prominent Sicilian-born crime bosses. These included Giuseppe "Joe the Boss" Masseria, Charles "Lucky" Luciano, Vito Genovese, and Frank Costello. In 1931, a major conflict known as the Castellammarese War broke out between Masseria and Salvatore Maranzano. Anastasia supported Luciano during this war. On April 15, 1931, Luciano arranged for Masseria to be murdered at a restaurant on Coney Island. Anastasia and other gunmen were reportedly involved in the shooting that killed Masseria.

To reward his loyalty during the reorganization of the Mafia, Luciano appointed Anastasia to lead Murder, Inc. This group was the enforcement arm of the National Crime Syndicate. It was also known as "The Brownsville Boys." The organization consisted of Jewish and Italian contract killers. They often operated out of the back room of a candy store in the Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn. It is estimated that Murder, Inc. committed thousands of murders during its ten years of operation. Many of these crimes were never solved by law enforcement. The group eventually collapsed in 1941 after a gang leader named Abe Reles was arrested and agreed to testify for the government.

During World War II, Anastasia's involvement with the military provided a shift in his public profile. He sought a way to help secure a pardon for the imprisoned Lucky Luciano. Anastasia orchestrated a deal to protect the American waterfront in exchange for political favors. In 1942, he joined the U.S. Army. He reached the rank of technical sergeant and trained soldiers in longshoreman skills at Fort Indiantown Gap in Pennsylvania. As a result of his military service, he was granted U.S. citizenship in 1943. After being honorably discharged, he moved his family to a ranch house in Fort Lee, New Jersey.

In the 1950s, Anastasia ascended to the position of boss of the Anastasia crime family. This happened after the disappearance of Vincent Mangano and the death of Philip Mangano in 1951.

Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal District Court with his attorney, Anthony Colendra
Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal District Court with his attorney, Anthony Colendra

While he held significant power, his leadership was marked by conflict. He was the nominal underboss of the Mangano family before taking full control. In 1951, he was summoned to the U.S. Senate for the Kefauver Hearings but refused to answer any questions. He also faced legal challenges regarding his citizenship, as the federal government filed suit to denaturalize him in 1952.

Anastasia's downfall was caused by a conspiracy led by Vito Genovese. Genovese wanted to take control of the Luciano crime family, which required eliminating both Costello and Anastasia. Genovese used Anastasia's unpredictable behavior to turn other mobsters against him. He argued that Anastasia's violence brought too much unwanted attention from law enforcement. Genovese also accused Anastasia of violating Commission rules by selling family memberships for $50,000. Additionally, Anastasia had reportedly lost large sums of money on horse racing, making him appear unstable. On October 25, 1957, Anastasia was murdered on the orders of Genovese and Carlo Gambino. Following the murder, Carlo Gambino took over as the boss of the family.

735 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (2)
File:AnastasiaMugshot1936.jpg
AnastasiaMugshot1936.jpg
File:Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal District Court with his attorney, Anthony Colendra.jpg
Albert Anastasia (left) leaves Federal...
More to explore

✨ What else?

Related topics you might enjoy

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.