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Diesel locomotive

technology Maturity 11-13 Next article →

A diesel locomotive is a special kind of engine that pulls trains.

Three-loco-styles
Three-loco-styles

Unlike older steam engines, these machines use a diesel engine for power. This engine burns fuel to create the energy needed to move.

DieselElectricLocomotiveSchematic
DieselElectricLocomotiveSchematic

There are different ways these engines send power to the wheels. Most common is the diesel–electric type, which uses the engine to make electricity.

Teplovoz Eel2 (2)
Teplovoz Eel2 (2)

Another type is diesel–hydraulic, which uses fluid to move the power. These engines are very helpful because they are flexible and strong. They also cost less to run and fix than steam engines.

Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5
Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5

How does the power get to the wheels? It happens in a few different ways. In a diesel–electric locomotive, the diesel engine runs a generator. This generator creates electricity to turn the motors at the wheels.

DieselElectricLocomotiveSchematic
DieselElectricLocomotiveSchematic

In a diesel–hydraulic system, the engine moves fluid to turn the wheels. This is different from a mechanical system. Early engines used gasoline or kerosene as fuel. However, big diesel engines needed new ways to move power. Standard clutches were too large to fit inside the narrow train frames.

DieselMechanicalLocomotiveSchematic
DieselMechanicalLocomotiveSchematic

This is why engineers had to invent electric or hydraulic paths.

People have been working on these engines for a long time. Rudolf Diesel patented his first compression-ignition engine in 1898.

Priestmann Oil Engine - Fig 150 p461 The Steam engine and gas and oil engines John Perry
Priestmann Oil Engine - Fig 150 p461 The Steam engine and gas and oil engines John Perry

Early versions were very large and heavy. This made it hard to use them for moving vehicles at first. In 1906, Rudolf Diesel and others started a company to make them.

Zamracena engine
Zamracena engine

The first diesel locomotive ran in Switzerland in the summer of 1912. It was not a big commercial success at that time. Problems were found during test runs in 1913. Then, World War I started in 1914 and stopped more trials.

Many different countries helped develop these powerful machines. In 1925, small numbers of diesel locomotives worked in the United States.

In 1930, Armstrong Whitworth sent two locomotives to Argentina.

Germany also made fast trains like the DRG Class SVT 877 in 1933.

Limousin2010RVT01
Limousin2010RVT01

In China, the Dongfeng DMU was made in 1958.

Japan also built many trains, including the DD50 class in 1953.

Three-loco-styles
Three-loco-styles

These many efforts helped diesel engines spread across the whole world.

Diesel engines connect to things you might see every day. You might see a diesel locomotive shunting in a yard.

D2069 at Doncaster Works
D2069 at Doncaster Works

Shunting is when a small engine moves cars around a station. This is easier with diesel because they do not need to stay hot.

CSX locomotive cab
CSX locomotive cab

You might also see high-speed diesel trains traveling between cities.

Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5
Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5

These trains are built to be very streamlined and fast. Just like a car on a highway, these trains use fuel to move people quickly. They changed the way people travel by making it cheaper and more reliable.

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ЧМЭ3-2908,_Украина,_Днепропетровская_облас...
File:Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5.jpg
Dawlish Warren 1970s - 5.jpg
File:Three-loco-styles.jpg
Three-loco-styles.jpg
File:Priestmann Oil Engine - Fig 150 p461 The Steam engine and gas and oil engines John Perry.PNG
Priestmann Oil Engine - Fig 150 p461 The...
File:Acsev56.jpg
Acsev56.jpg
File:Limousin2010RVT01.jpg
Limousin2010RVT01.jpg
File:Teplovoz Eel2 (2).jpg
Teplovoz Eel2 (2).jpg
File:Rangeerlocomotor NS 228.jpg
Rangeerlocomotor NS 228.jpg
File:Autorail Renault VH2211 Mulhouse FRA 001.jpg
Autorail Renault VH2211 Mulhouse FRA 001.jpg
File:LMS 10000 at Derby.jpg
LMS 10000 at Derby.jpg
File:Railway and locomotive engineering - a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock (1926) (14574294218).jpg
Railway and locomotive engineering - a...
File:McKeen railmotor at Wodonga.jpg
McKeen railmotor at Wodonga.jpg

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