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Dactyloidae

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Anoles are a large and diverse family of lizards.

Allison's anole on tree
Allison's anole on tree

They live in warm parts of the Americas. Their homes range from the southeastern United States down to Paraguay. These lizards live in many places like rainforests and deserts. Some even live in caves or near the coast.

Anolis bartschi
Anolis bartschi

They are very important to their environments. Anoles can act as a way to control pests. This happens because they eat insects that might harm plants or humans. However, they can also be a risk to native animals if they are moved to new areas.

Anoles have many special ways to survive. They use their sight as their main sense to find food.

Most anoles are active during the day. They eat small animals like insects, but some eat nectar and fruit. To move around, they use special pads on their toes. These pads have tiny flaps of skin called adhesive lamellae. These flaps have microscopic hairs called setae that help them cling to surfaces.

Anolis carolinensis color change
Anolis carolinensis color change

This allows them to climb trees or even run up glass windows. Some species even have tails that can grab onto things.

Many anoles can change their color. This is done by special cells in the skin called chromatophores. The change happens in a specific type called melanophores. These cells use hormones to move dark parts called melanosomes. When these move, the lizard looks darker or browner.

Anolis carolinensis color change
Anolis carolinensis color change

Anoles might change color because of stress or light. The Carolina anole can change from green to brown in just a few minutes. Most anoles are also very territorial. This means they fiercely protect their own space from others.

Many male anoles have a colorful flap of skin on their throat. This is called a dewlap. It is made of cartilage and skin.

Anolis cristatellus in Picard, Dominica-2012-04-14-four second push-up sequence
Anolis cristatellus in Picard, Dominica-2012-04-14-four second push-up sequence

They use the dewlap to make displays. These displays help them signal to other lizards. The size and color of the dewlap can change between different species. It can also look different between males and females. Some anoles even have a clear window in their eyelid to see while resting.

There are many different types of anoles across the world.

Leach's anole
Leach's anole

Cuba is home to more than 60 species. Colombia has more than 75 species. In the United States, only one species is native. This is the Carolina anole. It lives from Texas up to Virginia. Anoles are often grouped by where they live in the trees. These groups are called ecomorphs. Some live on twigs, while others live on tree trunks or in the grass.

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🖼️ Images & Media (19)
File:Anolis bartschi.jpg
Anolis bartschi.jpg
File:Leach's anole.jpg
Leach's anole.jpg
File:Anolis pulchellus 2.jpg
Anolis pulchellus 2.jpg
File:Allison's anole on tree.jpg
Allison's anole on tree.jpg
File:Anolis carolinensis color change.png
Anolis carolinensis color change.png
File:Anolis proboscis (7269935746).jpg
Anolis proboscis (7269935746).jpg
File:Anolis cristatellus in Picard, Dominica-2012-04-14-four second push-up sequence.jpg
Anolis cristatellus in Picard,...
Green anoles in a territorial fight.webm
File:Knight Anole mating.jpg
Knight Anole mating.jpg
File:Anolis oculatus at Roseau-a01.png
Anolis oculatus at Roseau-a01.png
File:Anolis heterodermus01.jpeg
Anolis heterodermus01.jpeg
File:Anolis extremus with missing tail.jpg
Anolis extremus with missing tail.jpg

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