Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🎨

Christopher Smart

arts Maturity 7-9 religion death dying Next article →

This article covers sensitive topics: religion, death_dying. Parents can manage visibility in Parental Controls.

Christopher Smart was a prolific English poet of the 18th century.

Christopher Smart Pembroke portrait
Christopher Smart Pembroke portrait

He was a well-known figure in the cultural life of London. Smart contributed frequently to popular magazines like *The Midwife* and *The Student*. He was a high church Anglican who expressed his faith through verse. His work often focused on religious themes, the beauty of nature, and English nationalism. While he was a major contributor to the literary world, his life was marked by both academic success and personal struggle. He is remembered today as a master of English poetry.

Smart's literary method involved a deep mastery of classical languages. He received intensive training in Latin and Greek during his school years. He used these skills to translate the works of famous poets like Alexander Pope. One notable example was his translation of Pope's *Ode on St. Cecilia's Day* into Latin. He also utilized a style called blank verse. This is a form of poetry that uses a steady rhythm but does not require rhyme. He applied this technique to his "poetical essays" to explore complex spiritual ideas. His ability to move between classical translation and original English verse defined his professional skill.

Smart's career included several distinct types of writing. He wrote mock epics, such as *The Hilliad*, which used grand styles to poke fun at other works. He also wrote comedies, including *A Trip to Cambridge, or The Grateful Fair*. In this play, Smart even performed several of the roles himself. Beyond these, he was a religious poet who wrote deeply spiritual pieces. His most famous religious works are *A Song to David* and *Jubilate Agno*.

Jubilate Agno let
Jubilate Agno let
Jubilate Agno for
Jubilate Agno for

These works represent a specific, intense period of his creative life. They are often studied for their unique devotion and structure.

Smart's journey began in Shipbourne, Kent, on the Fairlawne estate. He was born on April 11, 1722, to Peter and Winifred Smart. His early life was influenced by his closeness to the Vane family. This connection provided him with a pension of 40 pounds per year. This financial support allowed him to attend Pembroke College, Cambridge, in October 1739. He entered the college as a sizar, a student who performed menial tasks for others. His education at Cambridge was a turning point that shaped his entire intellectual life.

During his time at Cambridge, Smart achieved significant academic milestones. On June 10, 1742, he was awarded the Craven scholarship for classics. This scholarship provided him with 25 pounds every year for a period of 14 years. He also won the Dr. Watt's Foundation scholarship, which gave him six pounds annually. In 1750, he won the Seatonian Prize for his poem *On the Eternity of the Supreme Being*.

The Midwife titlepage
The Midwife titlepage

This prize was worth 17 pounds per year, though 7 pounds were deducted for publication. These awards helped him establish his reputation as a serious scholar and poet.

Despite these successes, Smart faced significant financial and personal challenges. He often spent more money than he earned, leading to heavy debts. At one point, his debt was more than twice his annual income. These financial troubles led to his confinement in a debtors' prison. He also spent time in a mental asylum, which some sources attribute to his religious "mania."

The HopGarden illustration
The HopGarden illustration

It is believed he wrote some of his greatest poems during this confinement. Even after his release, the reputation of his debts followed him until his death in 1771.

Smart's influence extends far beyond his own lifetime. His work was admired by later literary giants. Writers such as Robert Browning and D.G. Rossetti praised *A Song to David*. They considered it one of the masterpieces of the English language. His ability to blend classical tradition with intense personal feeling created a lasting legacy. Today, scholars continue to study his manuscripts, such as *Jubilate Agno*, which was not discovered in a library archive until 1939. His life remains a complex study of talent, faith, and hardship.

659 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (7)
File:Christopher Smart Pembroke portrait.JPG
Christopher Smart Pembroke portrait.JPG
File:The Midwife titlepage.JPG
The Midwife titlepage.JPG
File:The HopGarden illustration.JPG
The HopGarden illustration.JPG
File:Amusement of Children three Foot High frontispiece.JPG
Amusement of Children three Foot High...
File:Jubilate Agno let.JPG
Jubilate Agno let.JPG
File:Jubilate Agno for.JPG
Jubilate Agno for.JPG
File:Abimelech first.jpg
Abimelech first.jpg
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.