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Can-can

arts Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The can-can is a high-energy dance that requires a lot of strength.

Lautrec la troupe de mlle eglantine (poster) 1895-6
Lautrec la troupe de mlle eglantine (poster) 1895-6

People love it because it is fast and exciting to watch. It became a popular dance in music halls during the 1840s. Today, it is still a famous part of French cabaret shows. While it was once danced by couples, most people now see it as a dance for a chorus line of women. It is a very physical way to move and express joy.

Dancers use many big and athletic moves to perform the can-can. They use their hands to move their skirts and petticoats with great energy. One famous move is the battement, which is a high kick. They also perform the chahut, which is a quick movement of the lower leg. Other moves include the cabriole, where a dancer turns on one leg while holding the other by the ankle. They might also do cartwheels or a grand écart, which is a jump split.

Georges Seurat, 1889-90, Le Chahut, oil on canvas, 170 x 141 cm, Kröller-Müller Museum
Georges Seurat, 1889-90, Le Chahut, oil on canvas, 170 x 141 cm, Kröller-Müller Museum

Dancers even scream or yelp while they dance.

The exact start of the dance is a bit of a mystery. It likely grew from the final part of a social dance called the quadrille. Some think it was inspired by a performer named Charles-François Mazurier. He was a mime and acrobat who lived in the early 1800s. He was famous for his jump splits in a show called Jocko in 1825. In the 1830s, groups of men and students often danced it in public halls.

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031

As time passed, the can-can became a professional job for many performers. In the 1890s, stars like Jane Avril and La Goulue earned a living dancing at the Moulin Rouge. A famous male dancer of that time was Valentin le Désossé. In the 1920s, Pierre Sandrini created a new style called the "French Cancan." This style used a chorus line of many dancers at all once. It combined French styles with music hall styles from Britain and America. This new version often lasted ten minutes or more.

The can-can has moved far beyond the dance halls of France. It arrived in America on December 23, 1867, in Boston. Many famous artists have captured the dance in their work. The painter Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec made many posters of the dancers. Composers like Jacques Offenbach even wrote music for it. You can even see can-can dolls dancing near the Eiffel Tower in the "It's a Small World" ride at Disney Parks.

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031
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🖼️ Images & Media (3)
File:Lautrec la troupe de mlle eglantine (poster) 1895-6.jpg
Lautrec la troupe de mlle eglantine...
File:Georges Seurat, 1889-90, Le Chahut, oil on canvas, 170 x 141 cm, Kröller-Müller Museum.jpeg
Georges Seurat, 1889-90, Le Chahut, oil...
File:Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031.jpg
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec 031.jpg
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