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Basilicata

geography Maturity 5-7 Next article →

Basilicata is a beautiful region in southern Italy.

Map of region of Basilicata, Italy, with provinces-it
Map of region of Basilicata, Italy, with provinces-it

You can imagine the shape of Italy as a big boot. Basilicata sits right in the middle, acting like the arch of that boot. It is a very mountainous place. In fact, 47% of the land is made of mountains.

Dolomiti lucane e Pietrapertosa
Dolomiti lucane e Pietrapertosa

The rest of the area is mostly hills or small plains. It has two different coastlines to explore. One side touches the Tyrrhenian Sea. The other side reaches the Ionian Sea along the Gulf of Taranto.

The land here has many interesting shapes. Some mountains, like Monte Vulture, were formed by volcanoes.

Calanchi1
Calanchi1

There are also areas with deep cracks in the earth called seismic faults. Because the rock and soil can be weak, landslides sometimes happen on the slopes. This often happens where there are not many trees to hold the dirt in place. In the past, the region had many thick forests. However, most of those trees were cut down during the time of the Romans. Today, the weather changes depending on where you stand. It feels like a Mediterranean climate near the sea, but it is much colder in the high mountains.

Many different groups of people have called this land home. Long ago, the region was known as Lucania.

Lucania da The Historical Atlas, by William R. Shepherd, 1911
Lucania da The Historical Atlas, by William R. Shepherd, 1911

Greek colonists arrived in the eighth century BC to build cities along the coast. Later, the Roman Empire took control of the whole area. Many other groups came after them, such as the Byzantines and the Normans.

Robert Guiscard claimed as a Duke
Robert Guiscard claimed as a Duke

The name Basilicata might even come from the word for Byzantine emperors. Some people think it might also link to a famous church called the Basilica of Acerenza.

History in Basilicata has seen many big changes. In the Middle Ages, people moved from the coasts to the hills for safety. This was to stay away from raids by groups like the Saracens. Much later, in 1860, the region joined the unified Kingdom of Italy. This was part of a big movement called the Expedition of the Thousand. Life was not always easy for the people living here. After the land was joined to Italy, many families stayed very poor. This led to a time of fighting called brigandage. A famous leader during these hard times was a man named Carmine Crocco.

Today, Basilicata is a place with a population of 530,004 people.

Castelmezzano - Province of Potenza, Italy - 3 July 2010
Castelmezzano - Province of Potenza, Italy - 3 July 2010

The region is split into two main provinces. One is the province of Matera, and the other is the province of Potenza. Potenza is the capital city of the entire region. The people who live here are often called Lucanians. Even though many people moved away to find work, the region is still a special part of Italy. It remains a place where ancient history and high mountains meet.

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🖼️ Images & Media (17)
File:Lucania da The Historical Atlas, by William R. Shepherd, 1911.png
Lucania da The Historical Atlas, by...
File:Robert Guiscard claimed as a Duke.jpg
Robert Guiscard claimed as a Duke.jpg
File:Banda Totaro.jpg
Banda Totaro.jpg
File:Dolomiti lucane e Pietrapertosa.jpg
Dolomiti lucane e Pietrapertosa.jpg
File:Calanchi1.jpg
Calanchi1.jpg
File:Map of region of Basilicata, Italy, with provinces-it.svg
Map of region of Basilicata, Italy, with...
File:Sata Melfi.jpg
Sata Melfi.jpg
File:Tavole-palatine - Hera temple.jpg
Tavole-palatine - Hera temple.jpg
File:Abbazia della Santissima Trinità ( Venosa).jpg
Abbazia della Santissima Trinità ( Venosa).jpg
File:Cattedrale dal drone.jpg
Cattedrale dal drone.jpg
File:Castello di melfi1.JPG
Castello di melfi1.JPG
File:Castelmezzano - Province of Potenza, Italy - 3 July 2010.jpg
Castelmezzano - Province of Potenza,...

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