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Banks Islands

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

The Banks Islands are a beautiful group of islands in northern Vanuatu.

Banks Islands-en
Banks Islands-en

They sit north of the island of Maewo. Along with the Torres Islands, they make up the Torba province. Many of these islands were formed by volcanoes. Gaua is the largest island in the group. It has a rugged land shape with a volcano called Mount Gharat. Inside the crater of this volcano is Lake Letas. This is the largest freshwater lake in all of Vanuatu.

Other islands in the group have very different shapes and sizes. Vanua Lava is a high island with an active volcano named Mount Suretamate. The capital city, Sola, is located on Vanua Lava. Ureparapara is the third largest island. It is an old volcanic cone. The sea has broken into it to form Divers Bay on the east coast. To the east, you can find the Rowa Islands. These are very small, low islands on a coral atoll. Mota Lava is the highest island in this eastern chain.

People have lived in these islands for a very long time. Around 3,000 years ago, people called Austronesian navigators settled here. They belonged to the Lapita culture. Archaeologists found ancient pottery on Mota Lava. They also found obsidian, which is a dark volcanic glass, on Motalava, Vanua Lava, and Gaua. In 1606, a Spanish expedition led by Pedro Fernández de Quirós reached the islands. He gave the islands Spanish names. Later, the islands were named after Sir Joseph Banks. This happened after William Bligh explored them.

Life on the islands involves many different activities. Most people practice subsistence agriculture to feed themselves. They also grow crops to sell, like coffee and cacao. On Gaua, they grow cacao. They also produce copra for export. A French company used to work the sulphur at Mount Suretamate. Tourism is also becoming more important now. You can travel to the islands by airplane. Airports are on Mota Lava, Vanua Lava, and Gaua. Ships also visit to carry passengers and goods.

There is a great variety of culture and language here. The people of the Banks Islands speak 15 different languages. All these languages belong to the Oceanic subgroup. Some of these languages are in danger of being lost. This is because only a few people still speak them. For example, the Lemerig language has only two speakers left. The Olrat language has only three speakers.

Tamat doro Louvre MH 90-27-2
Tamat doro Louvre MH 90-27-2

This shows a tree fern statue of a spirit from Gaua. It is a piece of history from the 19th century.

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File:Banks Islands-en.svg
Banks Islands-en.svg
File:Tamat doro Louvre MH 90-27-2.jpg
Tamat doro Louvre MH 90-27-2.jpg
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