Nepedia
Back to Discover
Fluent Reader
🗺️

Athens

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece.

Athens and Mount Lycabettus from the Areopagus on July 22, 2019
Athens and Mount Lycabettus from the Areopagus on July 22, 2019

It sits in the Attica region near the Mediterranean coast. The city is a major hub for many things. It is a center for money, industry, and culture in Greece. The large urban area has over 3.6 million people living there.

This makes it the eighth-largest urban area in the European Union. The city also includes the busy port of Piraeus. This port is the thirteenth-largest container port in the entire world.

This city is one of the oldest in the world. Its recorded history goes back over 3,400 years.

View of the Ancient Agora of Athens from Apostolou Pavlou Pedestrian Street on February 16, 2021
View of the Ancient Agora of Athens from Apostolou Pavlou Pedestrian Street on February 16, 2021

Some humans were even there between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. Ancient myths say the goddess Athena named the city. One story says she won a contest against Poseidon. Poseidon gave a salt water spring or a horse. Athena gave the people the first olive tree. Because of this, she became the city's patron goddess.

In ancient times, Athens was a very powerful city-state. It was a center for arts, education, and philosophy. It was also a birthplace of democracy. This is a way for people to have a say in their government.

Map athenian empire 431 BC-no
Map athenian empire 431 BC-no

During its Golden Age, many famous thinkers lived there. These included the philosopher Plato and the doctor Hippocrates. The city also built many grand structures. The most famous is the Parthenon on the Acropolis hill.

The Parthenon in Athens
The Parthenon in Athens

Athens has seen many different rulers through the years. It was once part of the Roman Empire. The emperor Hadrian even helped build public buildings there. Later, the city saw the rise of the Byzantine Empire.

At the Byzantine Monastery of Daphni on October 31, 2019
At the Byzantine Monastery of Daphni on October 31, 2019

During this time, many old temples became churches. The city also lived under Ottoman rule for a time. Even with these changes, the city kept its history alive. You can still see many old monuments in the streets today.

Today, Athens connects its ancient past to the modern world. It is a large, busy place known as a global city.

Monastiraki Square and the Acropolis in Summer
Monastiraki Square and the Acropolis in Summer

The city is famous for hosting the Olympic Games. It held the first modern games in 1896. It also hosted the Summer Olympics again in 2004.

Olympic flame at opening ceremony
Olympic flame at opening ceremony

You can visit many museums to see ancient treasures. The National Archeological Museum holds a huge collection of Greek art. These sites show how the city has grown for thousands of years.

388 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (47)
File:Map athenian empire 431 BC-no.svg
Map athenian empire 431 BC-no.svg
File:The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg
The_Parthenon_in_Athens.jpg
File:At_the_Byzantine_Monastery_of_Daphni_on_October_31,_2019.jpg
At_the_Byzantine_Monastery_of_Daphni_on_Oc...
File:Acropolis_Frankish_tower.jpg
Acropolis_Frankish_tower.jpg
File:Monastiraki Square in Athens (30996716898).jpg
Monastiraki Square in Athens (30996716898).jpg
File:Peytier - Mosque in the Parthenon.jpg
Peytier - Mosque in the Parthenon.jpg
File:Peter von Hess - The Entry of King Othon of Greece in Athens - WGA11387.jpg
Peter von Hess - The Entry of King Othon...
File:Olympic flame at opening ceremony.jpg
Olympic flame at opening ceremony.jpg
File:Athens,_Greece_ESA24382014.jpeg
Athens,_Greece_ESA24382014.jpeg
File:Smog Athens.jpg
Smog Athens.jpg
File:Pedion_Areos08_25_05_623000.jpeg
Pedion_Areos08_25_05_623000.jpeg
File:20140410 60 Athens National Gardens (13824726745).jpg
20140410 60 Athens National Gardens...

+ 35 more

More to explore

✨ What else?

Related topics you might enjoy

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.