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Amsterdam

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Amsterdam is the capital and largest city of the Netherlands.

Amsterdam Cityscape
Amsterdam Cityscape

It is located in the province of North Holland. Many people call it the "Venice of the North."

Amsterdam Canal Tour
Amsterdam Canal Tour

This name comes from the many canals that run through the city. These canals are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city is a major center for culture and money in Europe. It is also known as a very multicultural place. About 180 different nationalities live in the city today.

Amsterdam population pyramid
Amsterdam population pyramid

The city grew because of how the water works. Long ago, the area was wet peatland. Farmers lived near the IJ and Amstel rivers.

Gem-Amsterdam-OpenTopo
Gem-Amsterdam-OpenTopo

In the year 1170, a huge flood changed the landscape. This flood turned a shallow river into a wide estuary. This made the water flow much better. Because of this, the banks became dry enough for people to live on. People built a dam at the mouth of the Amstel River.

View of Amsterdam
View of Amsterdam

This dam helped control the water and allowed the city to grow.

Amsterdam has a very long and interesting history. It started as a small fishing village in the 12th century.

Old-Amsterdam 1891-street-1
Old-Amsterdam 1891-street-1

By the 1300s, it was already a growing place. In the 1600s, the city entered its "Golden Age." During this time, the Netherlands became a powerful economic force. Amsterdam became a leading center for trade and fine art.

Bartholomeus van der Helst, Banquet of the Amsterdam Civic Guard in Celebration of the Peace of Münster
Bartholomeus van der Helst, Banquet of the Amsterdam Civic Guard in Celebration of the Peace of Münster

The city also became a safe place for many people. This included religious refugees and thinkers who found freedom there.

There are many important facts about the city today. The population in the city is about 933,680 people.

Amsterdam photochrom2
Amsterdam photochrom2

The Port of Amsterdam is the fifth largest in Europe. The Schiphol airport is the busiest in the Netherlands. Amsterdam is also a top hub for technology companies. Famous companies like Uber and Netflix have offices there.

ZuidasAmsterdamNederland2011
ZuidasAmsterdamNederland2011

The city is home to the oldest modern stock exchange. This was founded way back in 1602.

The courtyard of the Beurs in Amsterdam, by Emanuel de Witte
The courtyard of the Beurs in Amsterdam, by Emanuel de Witte

Visitors find many things to see and do in Amsterdam. You can visit the Van Gogh Museum or the Rijksmuseum.

Town Houses on Canal in Amsterdam - Nov 1977
Town Houses on Canal in Amsterdam - Nov 1977

Many people love to see the narrow houses along the canals. You can also visit Dam Square to see the Royal Palace.

Palacio Real, Ámsterdam, Países Bajos, 2016-05-30, DD 07-09 HDR
Palacio Real, Ámsterdam, Países Bajos, 2016-05-30, DD 07-09 HDR

Getting around the city is often done by bicycle. There are many special paths just for biking.

AmsterdamBikeGirl
AmsterdamBikeGirl

This makes cycling a big part of how the city feels today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (55)
File:Amsterdam (6578772447).jpg
Amsterdam (6578772447).jpg
File:Bartholomeus van der Helst, Banquet of the Amsterdam Civic Guard in Celebration of the Peace of Münster.jpg
Bartholomeus van der Helst, Banquet of...
File:The_courtyard_of_the_Beurs_in_Amsterdam,_by_Emanuel_de_Witte.jpg
The_courtyard_of_the_Beurs_in_Amsterdam,_b...
File:Old-Amsterdam 1891-street-1.jpg
Old-Amsterdam 1891-street-1.jpg
File:Amsterdam photochrom2.jpg
Amsterdam photochrom2.jpg
File:Jan Philip Albach, Afb ANWH00199000048.jpg
Jan Philip Albach, Afb ANWH00199000048.jpg
File:Enorme menigte op de Amstellaan te Amsterdam Op de achtergrond de zgn wolkenkrabber, Bestanddeelnr 900-2830.jpg
Enorme menigte op de Amstellaan te...
File:Amsterdam Canal Tour.jpg
Amsterdam Canal Tour.jpg
File:Amsterdam Photo 2020 Copernicus Sentinel-2.jpg
Amsterdam Photo 2020 Copernicus Sentinel-2.jpg
File:Gem-Amsterdam-OpenTopo.jpg
Gem-Amsterdam-OpenTopo.jpg
File:Amsterdam-centrum-OpenTopo.jpg
Amsterdam-centrum-OpenTopo.jpg
File:Nieuwendammerdijk, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands - panoramio (3).jpg
Nieuwendammerdijk, Amsterdam, North...

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