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Amhara people

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The Amhara are an ethnic group from Ethiopia in the Horn of Africa.

Illuminated Gospel late 14th–early 15th century Amhara peoples
Illuminated Gospel late 14th–early 15th century Amhara peoples

They mostly live in the northwest highlands of the country. Most Amhara people belong to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.

Krest Lalibeli
Krest Lalibeli

They speak a language called Amharic. This language belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic family. Amharic is one of the five official languages of Ethiopia. As of 2018, over 32 million people spoke it as their first language.

Sample of Ge'ez writing
Sample of Ge'ez writing

Many Amhara people also live in North America today.

Amharic developed through a long history of mixing different groups. Long ago, the North and South branches of Ethio-Semitic languages split apart. The Agaw people lived in the area and adopted Semitic speech. This created a mix of different language styles in Amharic. Later, the Kingdom of Aksum moved its center of gravity southward. This shift helped spread the Christian faith among the people.

Gondar Fasiladas Bath Timket
Gondar Fasiladas Bath Timket

The language also took many words from Ge'ez. This was an older language used in the region. This mix of cultures helped shape how the language works today.

History shows that the Amhara have been important for a long time. Some old stories trace the group back to the 9th century. In the year 1128, records show the Amhara were in a conflict in Wärjih. A historian from Yemen named Umara al-Yamani wrote about an Amhara leader. He called the leader Surur al-Fatiki a noble man.

Yekuno Amlak
Yekuno Amlak

Another source says the name Amhara might mean "free people" or "soldiers." These early records show the group was part of a large world. They were already a recognized part of the land long ago.

In the year 1270, a prince named Yekuno Amlak changed history. He started the Solomonic dynasty in the land of Bete Amhara.

EfYWwDRXoAEmWYv
EfYWwDRXoAEmWYv

Almost every emperor of Ethiopia came from this dynasty after that. Only one emperor, Yohannes IV, was not Amhara. This gave the Amhara people a very strong political position. By the 2007 census, there were 19,867,817 Amhara people in Ethiopia. This made up about 26.9% of the whole population.

Kaiser Theodoros II von Abessinien
Kaiser Theodoros II von Abessinien

They held power through many centuries of change.

As time went on, Amhara culture and language spread to others. Groups like the Agaw, Gafat, and Argobba began to speak Amharic. They also became part of the Orthodox Christian faith. This helped the Amhara become the main group in the empire.

Amhara chef de la garde du Négus
Amhara chef de la garde du Négus

The city of Gondar became a royal capital in the 1630s. Many people also call themselves "Habesha" to show their shared roots. This identity links the Amhara to other neighbors in the region. It shows how different groups can grow together over time.

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🖼️ Images & Media (13)
File:Flag of Ethiopia (Blank).svg
Flag of Ethiopia (Blank).svg
File:Krest Lalibeli.png
Krest Lalibeli.png
File:Star of David.svg
Star of David.svg
File:Star and Crescent.svg
Star and Crescent.svg
File:Yekuno Amlak.png
Yekuno Amlak.png
File:EfYWwDRXoAEmWYv.png
EfYWwDRXoAEmWYv.png
File:Illuminated Gospel late 14th–early 15th century Amhara peoples.jpeg
Illuminated Gospel late 14th–early 15th...
File:Kaiser Theodoros II von Abessinien.jpg
Kaiser Theodoros II von Abessinien.jpg
File:Amhara chef de la garde du Négus.jpg
Amhara chef de la garde du Négus.jpg
File:Gondar Fasiladas Bath Timket.jpg
Gondar Fasiladas Bath Timket.jpg
File:Sample of Ge'ez writing.jpg
Sample of Ge'ez writing.jpg
File:Flickr - don macauley - St. George.jpg
Flickr - don macauley - St. George.jpg

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