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Amaterasu

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Amaterasu is the sun goddess in Japanese mythology.

Installation of the Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) c1870 after Kawanabe Kyosai
Installation of the Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) c1870 after Kawanabe Kyosai

Many people see her as the chief kami, or divine being, in the Shinto tradition. She is often described as the ruler of the heavenly realm called Takamagahara. In very old books, like the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki, she is also a mythical ancestor of the Imperial House of Japan. This connection comes through her grandson, Ninigi.

Ninigi
Ninigi

Because she is so important, her main place of worship is the Grand Shrine of Ise. This shrine is in Mie Prefecture and is a major site for pilgrims. Many other Shinto shrines across Japan also honor her.

Amaterasu is one of the Three Precious Children.

The Origin of Iwato Kagura Triptych (Amaterasu) by Utagawa Kunisada c1844
The Origin of Iwato Kagura Triptych (Amaterasu) by Utagawa Kunisada c1844

She was born from the creator god, Izanagi. One story says she was born when Izanagi washed his left eye. Her siblings are Tsukuyomi, the moon deity, and Susanoo, the god of storms and seas. In the Kojiki, Izanagi appointed Amaterasu to rule the heavens. He gave the night to Tsukuyomi and the seas to Susanoo. These three siblings are among the most important offspring of Izanagi.

There are many different names for this goddess in ancient texts.

三種の神器 1200x1200
三種の神器 1200x1200

One name is Amaterasu Ōmikami, which can mean "The Great August Goddess Who Shines in Heaven." Some people also call her Hi-no-Kami. Her name might come from a verb that means to shine. Other names, like Ōhirume-no-Muchi, appear in the Man'yōgana writings. Scholars have even looked at how her name relates to other figures in myths. These different names show how much people have thought about her over many centuries.

One of the most famous stories involves a time of total darkness.

須佐之男命の乱暴 - Susanoo's Rampage
須佐之男命の乱暴 - Susanoo's Rampage

Her brother Susanoo acted very badly in her palace. He destroyed her rice fields and caused great trouble. Because of this, a furious Amaterasu hid inside a cave called the Ame-no-Iwayato. Without her light, the whole world became dark. The gods had to find a way to bring the light back. They used a plan led by the god of wisdom, Omoikane.

To get her to leave, the gods held a celebration outside the cave.

Origin of the Cave Door Dance (Amaterasu) by Shunsai Toshimasa 1889
Origin of the Cave Door Dance (Amaterasu) by Shunsai Toshimasa 1889

A goddess named Ame-no-Uzume performed to make them laugh. Amaterasu became curious about the noise and peeked out. The gods held up a mirror called the Yata-no-Kagami. When she saw her own reflection, she was surprised. A god named Ame-no-Tajikarao then pulled her out of the cave. This event restored light to the world and ended the darkness.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:阿波岐原 - Awagihara.jpg
阿波岐原 - Awagihara.jpg
File:Installation of the Sun Goddess (Amaterasu) c1870 after Kawanabe Kyosai.jpg
Installation of the Sun Goddess...
File:須佐之男命の乱暴 - Susanoo's Rampage.jpg
須佐之男命の乱暴 - Susanoo's Rampage.jpg
File:Origin of Iwato Kagura Dance Amaterasu by Toyokuni III (Kunisada) 1856.png
Origin of Iwato Kagura Dance Amaterasu by...
File:Origin of the Cave Door Dance (Amaterasu) by Shunsai Toshimasa 1889.jpg
Origin of the Cave Door Dance (Amaterasu)...
File:The Origin of Iwato Kagura Triptych (Amaterasu) by Utagawa Kunisada c1844.png
The Origin of Iwato Kagura Triptych...
File:三種の神器 1200x1200.png
三種の神器 1200x1200.png
File:Ninigi.jpg
Ninigi.jpg
File:Tennō Jimmu.jpg
Tennō Jimmu.jpg
File:Hibara-jinja, torii-2.jpg
Hibara-jinja, torii-2.jpg
File:Yamato Takeru by Takahashi Yuichi (Geidai Museum).jpg
Yamato Takeru by Takahashi Yuichi (Geidai...
File:Hirota-jinja, haiden-2-2.jpg
Hirota-jinja, haiden-2-2.jpg

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