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VK (service)

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VK, originally known as VKontakte, is a massive online social media and social networking service.

Vkontakte
Vkontakte

Based in Saint Petersburg, Russia, it serves as a primary digital hub for communication and media sharing. While the platform is available in several languages, its primary user base consists of Russian speakers. As of recent data, the service has maintained at least 500 million accounts. In 2024, it ranked as the 30th most visited website globally. Its importance in the region grew significantly in December 2024 when VK Video overtook Google in monthly web traffic within Russia. This shift occurred as part of a major transition toward domestic digital businesses.

The platform operates through a variety of sophisticated communication and media tools. Users can exchange private messages in groups ranging from 2 to 500 people. These messages support up to 10 different types of attachments, including photos, videos, audio files, maps, and documents. The system accepts many file formats, such as .doc, .mp3, and .pdf, though it restricts executable files and those exceeding 200 Mb. For real-time interaction, the service has offered video chat capabilities since 2012. Beyond private messaging, users can post updates to their profile walls using hashtags and mentions to organize content.

VK provides three distinct types of digital communities to organize social interaction. First, there are "Groups," which are designed for decentralized communities like discussion boards or wiki-style articles. Second, "Public Pages" function as broadcasting tools used primarily by celebrities and businesses to share news. Third, the "Events" feature allows for the organized management of specific gatherings, such as concerts. The platform also includes a news-recommendation engine and a real-time search function. This allows users to find specific posts, comments, or news updates across the entire network.

The history of VK began in 2006 through the collaboration of several individuals. Pavel Durov, who had previously created a student forum, met his classmate Vyacheslav Mirilashvili in Saint Petersburg. After seeing the popularity of Facebook, the pair decided to build a Russian social network.

Pavel Durov 26years
Pavel Durov 26years

They were joined by a third co-founder, Lev Leviev. To build the actual site, Durov recruited his brother, Nikolai, a specialist in mathematics and programming. The service entered beta testing in September 2006, and the domain Vkontakte.ru was registered the following month. By December 2008, VK had overtaken its rival, Odnoklassniki, to become Russia's most popular social network.

Ownership and corporate control of the platform have undergone complex and frequent changes.

Дом компании "Зингер", вид с противоположного здания
Дом компании "Зингер", вид с противоположного здания

Initially, the founders held the majority of shares, with Vyacheslav Mirilashvili being the largest shareholder. In 2007, the investment company Digital Sky Technologies acquired a 24.99% stake for $16.3 million. Later, the Mail.ru Group began accumulating significant interests, eventually reaching a 39.99% stake by 2011. In 2014, after a period of intense negotiation and the departure of Pavel Durov, Mail.ru Group purchased the remaining 48% of the company for $1.5 billion. This made them the sole proprietor of the network. Most recently, in December 2021, the controlling interest was acquired by Gazprombank and Sogaz.

The platform's functionality differs from other social networks in subtle but important ways. For example, the "Like" button does not automatically post content to a user's public wall.

Мне нравится
Мне нравится

Instead, a "liked" item is saved in a private "Favorites" section. To share that content publicly, a user must manually select a second button to share it with friends. This design provides users with more granular control over their public presence. Additionally, VK allows for synchronization with other platforms like Facebook and Twitter. While users can publish VK news to these external sites, deleting a post on VK will remove it from the synchronized platforms, though editing a post on one does not change it on the other.

Throughout its existence, VK has navigated various legal and political challenges. In 2008, the platform faced a lawsuit from the TV channel Russia-1 regarding unlicensed film uploads. However, a Russian High Arbitration Court ruled in 2010 that the network was not responsible for copyright violations committed by its users. The company also provides specific tools to help large-scale copyright holders manage their intellectual property. The platform's reach has also been shaped by regional politics; for instance, the Ukrainian government banned VK in 2017. Despite this, the service remained highly visited in various Eurasian countries, including Belarus and Kazakhstan, for many years.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:VKontakte Number of Registered users 120224.png
VKontakte Number of Registered users 120224.png
File:Pavel Durov 26years.jpg
Pavel Durov 26years.jpg
File:Vkontakte.png
Vkontakte.png
File:Мне нравится.jpg
Мне нравится.jpg
File:Дом компании "Зингер", вид с противоположного здания.jpg
Дом компании "Зингер", вид с...
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