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Tortilla

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A tortilla is a thin and round flatbread. It is a very important food in Mesoamerica. People have eaten it for a very long time. The name comes from the Spanish word torta. That word means cake or pie. The suffix -illa makes it mean little cake.

Mexican woman maize tortillas
Mexican woman maize tortillas

This bread is a staple for many people. It is part of daily meals in Mexico and Central America. It is also eaten in some parts of the US.

There are two main ways to make these breads. The oldest kind is made from masa. Masa is a corn meal made from nixtamalized maize.

Costumes Mexicains. Tortilleras
Costumes Mexicains. Tortilleras

Another kind is made from wheat flour. Wheat tortillas often include salt and oil or lard. Some recipes also use baking powder to help them rise. Both kinds are cooked on a flat pan called a comal. This way of cooking makes them warm and tasty.

History tells us how these breads began. Indigenous peoples made tortillas long before colonization. People in the Oaxaca region of Mexico made them early on. They made them between 1500 and 500 BCE. This was during the Villa Stage. Later, the Spanish brought wheat to Mexico in the 16th century. This led to the invention of flour tortillas. These wheat breads started in northern Mexico.

Many different things can be made with tortillas. You might know them from dishes like tacos or burritos. They are also used for fajitas. There is even a special kind called a nopaltilla. This name comes from the nopal cactus. It is a mix of the words nopal and tortilla.

Mexican woman maize tortillas
Mexican woman maize tortillas

In the late 19th century, new tools arrived. People made machines called tortilla presses. These are also called tortilleras or tortilladoras.

Tortillas are part of a huge world of flatbreads. They are similar to other breads like naan or pita. You can find many different types of breads around the world. Some are called arepas or chapati. Tortillas show how people use local plants like corn or wheat. They connect many different cultures through food. It is a wonderful way to share a meal.

Costumes Mexicains. Tortilleras
Costumes Mexicains. Tortilleras
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Mexican woman maize tortillas.jpg
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