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Tiger shark

life science Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The tiger shark is a huge and famous predator of the sea.

Tigershark3
Tigershark3

It is the only living member of its specific family, known as Galeocerdonidae. These sharks are often called "garbage eaters" because they eat many different things. This includes man-made objects that end up in their stomachs. They are also known as a "man-eater" shark by some people. However, attacks on humans are still very rare. They are the second largest predatory shark after the great white shark.

This shark has many special ways to find its food. It uses small pits on its snout called ampullae of Lorenzini. These pits help the shark feel weak electric fields from other living things. The shark also has a lateral line along its sides. This organ helps it feel tiny vibrations moving through the water. To protect its eyes, it has a nictitating membrane. This is a clear eyelid that covers the eye. A reflective layer called a tapetum lucidum also helps it see in low light.

Scientists have studied these sharks for a long time. Peron and Lesueur first described them in 1822. They originally called the shark Squalus cuvier. Later, in 1837, Müller and Henle gave them a new name. The name Galeocerdo comes from Greek words meaning "shark fox." The species name honors a naturalist named Georges Cuvier. Fossil evidence shows that tiger shark relatives lived a very long time ago. Some modern tiger shark fossils date back 13.8 million years.

Tiger sharks can grow to be very large animals.

Shark Feeding
Shark Feeding

Females are much larger than the males. A mature female can grow over 18 feet long. Some reports say they can even reach 20 feet. They can weigh more than 2,000 pounds. Their teeth are very special for eating tough food. The teeth have sharp edges called serrations. These help the shark slice through bone and hard turtle shells.

Tiger shark, Hawaii Aii
Tiger shark, Hawaii Aii

These sharks live in many warm parts of the ocean. They like tropical and subtropical waters near the equator.

You can find them in the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Oceans. They often swim near coral reefs and coastlines. Some sharks stay in one place, like in the Maldives. In Fuvahmulah, researchers found 239 sharks in one area. This makes that place a very important home for them. They move around a lot to follow warm water currents.

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File:Tigershark3.jpg
Tigershark3.jpg
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File:Tiger shark, Hawaii Aii.jpg
Tiger shark, Hawaii Aii.jpg
File:Shark Feeding.jpg
Shark Feeding.jpg
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