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Steering wheel

technology Maturity 7-9 Next article →

A steering wheel is a tool used to guide many kinds of vehicles.

Steering wheels from different periods
Steering wheels from different periods

Drivers use it to control where a vehicle goes on the road. You can find them in passenger cars, buses, and heavy trucks. They are also used in tractors and even tanks.

Leo2 driver's post
Leo2 driver's post

Most steering wheels are shaped like a circle. They have a center hub connected to an outer ring by several spokes. Some special cars use different shapes like a yoke or a square.

Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012 Tokyo Auto Salon
Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012 Tokyo Auto Salon

These different shapes help the driver reach the controls easily.

When a driver turns the wheel, the steering system responds to that movement.

Steering Wheel of Honda City 7th Generation (5th Generation Sedan) iVTEC 2022
Steering Wheel of Honda City 7th Generation (5th Generation Sedan) iVTEC 2022

This can happen through direct mechanical contact. Some systems use gears like a rack and pinion to move the wheels. Other cars use hydraulic power steering to make turning easier.

1958 Plymouth Savoy 4-door i
1958 Plymouth Savoy 4-door i

Modern cars often use electric power steering instead. This uses computer-controlled motors to help the driver. This way of working reduces the effort needed to steer the vehicle.

In the early days, cars did not always have wheels. Most first automobiles were steered with a simple lever called a tiller.

1913 Ford Model T Speedster dashboard
1913 Ford Model T Speedster dashboard

In 1894, Alfred Vacheron used a steering wheel in a Panhard 4 hp race. By 1898, Panhard et Levassor cars came with steering wheels as standard. Charles Rolls also brought the first steering wheel car to Britain in 1898. Within ten years, the steering wheel had completely replaced the tiller.

1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard
1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard

This change made driving much more common for everyone.

Safety has changed how steering wheels are built over time.

1976 AMC Matador coupe cocoa fl-sw
1976 AMC Matador coupe cocoa fl-sw

Early wheels were attached to rigid columns that could be dangerous in a crash. The first collapsible steering column was invented in 1934. By 1968, United States regulations required these columns to move safely during an accident. Some older cars, like the Citroën DS, used a single-spoke design to help protect the driver.

1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard
1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard

Many modern wheels also include an airbag for extra safety. They also have locks to help prevent people from stealing the car.

Many steering wheels can move to help the driver get comfortable.

Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012 Tokyo Auto Salon
Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012 Tokyo Auto Salon

A tilt wheel moves up and down in an arc. A telescoping wheel can move in and out toward the driver.

Some wheels even swing away to the side. This makes it much easier to get in and out of the seat.

1974 AMC Matador grand national int
1974 AMC Matador grand national int

These features help make driving a better experience for everyone.

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🖼️ Images & Media (18)
File:Steering wheels from different periods.jpg
Steering wheels from different periods.jpg
File:Gråtass dashbord.JPG
Gråtass dashbord.JPG
File:Leo2 driver's post.jpg
Leo2 driver's post.jpg
File:VDL Bova Magiq MHD 148-460 - cockpit.jpg
VDL Bova Magiq MHD 148-460 - cockpit.jpg
File:Steering Wheel of Honda City 7th Generation (5th Generation Sedan) iVTEC 2022.jpg
Steering Wheel of Honda City 7th...
File:1913 Ford Model T Speedster dashboard.JPG
1913 Ford Model T Speedster dashboard.JPG
File:1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard.jpg
1974 Citroen D-Special dashboard.jpg
File:1958 Plymouth Savoy 4-door i.jpg
1958 Plymouth Savoy 4-door i.jpg
File:2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee (WK2 MY11) Limited 4WD wagon (2011-03-31).jpg
2011 Jeep Grand Cherokee (WK2 MY11)...
File:Vochol17MAP.jpg
Vochol17MAP.jpg
File:DKW Monza von innen.jpg
DKW Monza von innen.jpg
File:Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012 Tokyo Auto Salon.jpg
Honda EV-STER twin-lever steering 2012...

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