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Seth Bullock

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Seth Bullock was a prominent frontiersman, businessman, and lawman of the American Old West.

SethBullock
SethBullock

Born on July 23, 1849, in Amherstburg, Canada West, he faced a very difficult childhood. His father was George Bullock, a retired British Army Sergeant Major. Following the death of his mother, Agnes Findley, the family faced severe financial trouble. By 1863, his father fled to Detroit to avoid prosecution for missing funds. This left the eight children to care for themselves. Bullock eventually left home permanently at age 18 to seek a new life.

Bullock first established himself in Helena, Montana Territory. He was a dedicated participant in local government during this era. He served in the Territorial Senate in 1871 and 1872. During his time in the Senate, he helped create Yellowstone National Park. In 1873, he was elected as the sheriff of Lewis and Clark County. These early roles helped him develop the leadership skills he would use later in the Dakota Territory.

In 1876, Bullock moved to the gold rush town of Deadwood, South Dakota. He traveled there with his partner, Sol Star, to open a hardware store. They initially operated as "Office of Star and Bullock, Auctioneers and Commission Merchants." They first worked out of a tent before moving into a permanent building. Deadwood was a lawless and rowdy camp at the time. Shortly after their arrival, the famous Wild Bill Hickok was murdered by Jack McCall on August 2, 1876. This violent event increased the demand for reliable law enforcement in the area.

In February 1877, the Territorial Legislature officially created Lawrence County. Governor John L. Pennington appointed Bullock as the interim sheriff. Bullock served in this role for approximately nine months. He took his duties very seriously and worked to civilize the camp. He deputized several residents to assist with order. Notably, Bullock maintained a reputation for fearlessness but managed his duties without killing anyone. He even famously turned away the well-known Deputy Marshal Wyatt Earp when Earp offered his services.

Bullock was also a highly successful and diverse businessman. He and Sol Star established the S&B Ranch Company at the meeting of Redwater Creek and the Belle Fourche River. In 1881, Bullock is credited with introducing alfalfa farming to the Dakota region. He also invested in the Deadwood Flouring Mill and various mining interests. In 1894, his hardware store burned down. Rather than rebuilding the store, he constructed the Bullock Hotel. This three-story, 63-room luxury hotel still operates today.

His influence extended to the development of entire towns and infrastructure. Bullock and Star helped found the town of Belle Fourche. They offered free lots to anyone moving there to encourage growth. They also convinced the railroad to build tracks through their land by offering 40 acres of free right-of-way. This helped Belle Fourche become the largest railhead for livestock in the United States. These actions helped transform the local economy from a wild camp into a stable region.

Bullock maintained a lifelong friendship with Theodore Roosevelt. They met in 1884 near Belle Fourche while Bullock was apprehending a horse thief. This connection led to several significant political appointments. Roosevelt appointed Bullock as the first forest supervisor of the Black Hills Reserve. Later, Roosevelt appointed him as the U.S. Marshal for South Dakota in 1905. President William Howard Taft reappointed him to this position in 1909. Bullock even helped organize a volunteer infantry division for service in France in 1917.

After Theodore Roosevelt died in January 1919, Bullock honored him by creating a monument. This monument was dedicated on July 4, 1919, on Sheep Mountain, which was renamed Mount Roosevelt. Bullock died of colon cancer on September 23, 1919, at his home in Deadwood. He is buried in Mount Moriah Cemetery.

Seth Bullock Tombstone
Seth Bullock Tombstone

His grave is located more than 750 feet away from the main cemetery grounds. He rests facing Mount Roosevelt, looking toward the monument he built for his friend.

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