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Rourkela

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Rourkela is a major planned industrial city in India. It is located in the Sundargarh district of Odisha.

Rourkela Railway Station 1
Rourkela Railway Station 1

The city is a Tier-2 urban center. It ranks as the third-largest city in the state of Odisha. This follows the cities of Bhubaneswar and Cuttack. Rourkela is often called the Steel City of Odisha. It is also known as Ispat Nagar. The city is a vital hub for heavy industry and technical education. It is home to the National Institute of Technology (NIT) Rourkela. This is a premier national technical institute.

The city sits in a hilly region of northern Odisha.

Biju Expressway 06
Biju Expressway 06

It is encircled by the Koel, Sankha, and Brahmani rivers. The South Koel and Sankha rivers meet at a place called Vedvyas. At this point, they flow together as the Brahmani River. A small hill range named Durgapur Pahad runs through the heart of the city. This range divides the plant area from the steel township. The local soil is red and laterite. This soil is very rich in minerals. Specifically, the area near Rourkela is rich in iron ore. This proximity to iron-ore mines like Bolani and Barsuan made the location ideal for steel production.

Industrial development in Rourkela followed a specific historical sequence. After India gained independence, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru wanted to industrialize the nation. He followed a Soviet model of social development. Sri Biju Pattanaik convinced Nehru to choose Rourkela for a steel plant. A preliminary survey began in 1952. On 16 February 1954, the Government of Odisha issued a gazette notification. This allowed the government to acquire 80 square miles of land for the plant. German companies Krupp and Demag provided financial and technical assistance.

The Kela toponymic of Chota Nagpur
The Kela toponymic of Chota Nagpur

Krupp built the plant using experience from its works in Essen, Germany.

This massive project caused significant changes for the local population. To build the steel plant, the government acquired an additional 32 square kilometers from 31 revenue villages. This led to the displacement of about 13,000 people from 2,424 families. Further land was taken for the Mandira Dam and new railway lines. The construction of the Bondamunda Railway junction displaced another 20,000 people. Many displaced tribals were relocated to places like Jalda, Jhirpani, Bisra, and Bondamunda. While there was initial discontent, authorities provided employment and housing to many. This helped resolve many of the land disputes.

During the 1950s and 1960s, Rourkela became a unique cultural site. It was the largest German colony outside of Germany. Thousands of technical personnel from West Germany moved to the city. They brought their families and created the Indo-German Club. This club still exists today and houses the Max Muller library. Many people from coastal and western Odisha also moved here. They were trained by the German workforce to use complex steel technology. The city's history is also filled with local folklore. These stories include tales of wild animals in the plant and whirlpools in the Koel River.

The city is organized into two distinct administrative parts. The Census of India divides the area into the Steel Township and the Civil Township.

The Steel Township is a modern industrial habitation. It is managed by the Steel Plant Administration and features extensive green coverage. It also contains artistic monuments made of steel. The Civil Township is managed by the Rourkela Municipal Corporation. A 16 km long Ring Road connects eighteen different sectors. These sectors include Chhend Colony, Udit Nagar, and Koel Nagar. This road links the various residential and industrial parts of the city.

Rourkela is a highly significant economic driver for Odisha. It is considered the industrial capital of the state. The city houses a massive 1.8 MT integrated steel plant. This plant is part of the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL). The city also connects to the global IT sector through the Software Technology Parks of India (STPI).

Rourkela has been recognized as India's Fastest Moving City in the East Zone. In 2016, it was selected as a "smart city" during the third phase of the National Smart Cities Mission. This mission aims to drive economic growth and improve the quality of life. The city also ranks 12th as a National Clean Air City in India.

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🖼️ Images & Media (12)
File:The Kela toponymic of Chota Nagpur.png
The Kela toponymic of Chota Nagpur.png
File:Rourkela_Municipal_Commissioner_and_Rourkela_ADM_taking_award_from_Shri_M.Venkaiah_Naidu.jpg
Rourkela_Municipal_Commissioner_and_Rourke...
File:RMC ofiice.jpg
RMC ofiice.jpg
File:Biju Expressway 06.jpg
Biju Expressway 06.jpg
File:Rourkela_Railway_Station_1.jpg
Rourkela_Railway_Station_1.jpg
File:@@Rourkela Airport.jpg
@@Rourkela Airport.jpg
File:M5-Sec-19-Ispat-general-Hospital-1.jpg
M5-Sec-19-Ispat-general-Hospital-1.jpg
File:HanumanRKL.jpg
HanumanRKL.jpg
File:BPUT_Main_Gate.jpg
BPUT_Main_Gate.jpg
File:UGIE Rourkela Main Campus.jpg
UGIE Rourkela Main Campus.jpg
File:HMCH.jpg
HMCH.jpg
File:HOCKEY STADIUM.JPG
HOCKEY STADIUM.JPG
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