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Riga

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Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia.

Riga Castle seen across the river Daugava
Riga Castle seen across the river Daugava

It is also the second largest city in the Baltic region. The city sits on a flat and sandy plain. It is located right where the Daugava river meets the Gulf of Riga. This area is part of the Baltic Sea.

Map of Riga (around 1710)
Map of Riga (around 1710)

Many people live here in the city and nearby areas. As of 2025, there are 591,882 people living in Riga itself. The wider metropolitan area has about 847,162 people. This means one third of all people in Latvia live in Riga.

The city has a very long and busy history. It was founded in the year 1201. Before that, the area was settled by a group called the Livs. They were a Finnic tribe who lived near the river. The Daugava river has been a trade path for a very long time. Even the Vikings used it to travel toward Byzantium.

Riga 1650
Riga 1650

Early people in the area worked as fishers and traders. They also made things from bone, wood, amber, and iron. The name Riga might come from the many warehouses found along the river banks.

Many different groups have ruled the city over the centuries. Riga was once a member of the Hanseatic League. This group helped the city stay stable through trade. Later, the city came under the rule of many different powers. It was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Swedish Empire.

Riga 1612 panorama by Heinrich Thum
Riga 1612 panorama by Heinrich Thum

Eventually, Russia took control of the city in 1710. This happened after a long siege and a plague. Despite these changes, Riga kept many of its special rights and freedoms.

Today, Riga is a famous place for culture and travel. The historical center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is known for beautiful Art Nouveau buildings and wooden houses.

Plaza del Ayuntamiento, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 10
Plaza del Ayuntamiento, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 10

The city was the European Capital of Culture in 2014. It also hosts many big events like the Eurovision Song Contest.

Opera Nacional, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 15
Opera Nacional, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 15

In 2019, more than 1.4 million foreign visitors came to see the city. It is a very lively place for people from all over the world.

Traveling to Riga is quite easy for visitors. The city has the Riga International Airport. This is the largest and busiest airport in the Baltic States.

View from Latvian Academy of Sciences building.09
View from Latvian Academy of Sciences building.09

The city is also connected to many other places by trains and buses.

Riga tram 57201 2020-03
Riga tram 57201 2020-03

Riga is a member of several groups like Eurocities. It also belongs to the Union of the Baltic Cities. These groups help the city work with other important cities in Europe.

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🖼️ Images & Media (31)
File:METTIG(1897) p046 URKUNDE VON 1226 DES BISCHOFS VON MODENA.jpg
METTIG(1897) p046 URKUNDE VON 1226 DES...
File:Plaza del Ayuntamiento, Riga, Letonia, 2012-08-07, DD 10.JPG
Plaza del Ayuntamiento, Riga, Letonia,...
File:Riga 1612 panorama by Heinrich Thum.jpg
Riga 1612 panorama by Heinrich Thum.jpg
File:Riga 1650.jpg
Riga 1650.jpg
Map of Riga (around 1710).tif
File:Baltische Post 25 October 1908.jpg
Baltische Post 25 October 1908.jpg
File:German troops Riga 1917.jpg
German troops Riga 1917.jpg
File:Damaged buildings of the Riga Old Town and St. Peter's Church during the World War II, 1939-1945.jpg
Damaged buildings of the Riga Old Town...
File:Red Army soldiers in Riga. October 1944.jpg
Red Army soldiers in Riga. October 1944.jpg
File:Ministru prezidents Valdis Dombrovskis noliek ziedus pie Brīvības pieminekļa (7141677177).jpg
Ministru prezidents Valdis Dombrovskis...
File:View from Latvian Academy of Sciences building.09.jpg
View from Latvian Academy of Sciences...
File:Riga - City Hall.jpg
Riga - City Hall.jpg

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