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Vilnius

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Vilnius is the capital and largest city of Lithuania.

Vilnius skyline - Oct 14, 2019
Vilnius skyline - Oct 14, 2019

It is the most populous city in the Baltic states. The city sits in southeastern Lithuania where two rivers meet. These are the Vilnia and the Neris rivers.

Vilnia 2023b
Vilnia 2023b

Some people believe this area is the middle of Europe. The Guinness Book of World Records even recognizes a point near the city as the continental center. This center is near the village of Girija.

The city is very green and full of nature. About 68.8 percent of the city is green space. Only about 29.1 percent of the land is covered by buildings.

Gediminas Avenue in autumn
Gediminas Avenue in autumn

There are eight nature reserves in the area. You can also find several lakes on the outskirts. The weather changes quite a bit with the seasons. Summers are warm or even hot, especially in July and August. Winters can be very cold, and the lakes often freeze from December to April.

Foggy Winter Sunrise in Vilnius
Foggy Winter Sunrise in Vilnius

Legend says the city began with a dream. Grand Duke Gediminas was once hunting in a nearby forest. He dreamed of a huge Iron Wolf on a hill.

Painting depicting the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas' dream about an Iron Wolf (painted by Aleksander Lesser in 1835)
Painting depicting the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas' dream about an Iron Wolf (painted by Aleksander Lesser in 1835)

A priest told him the wolf meant he would build a great city. Gediminas then built two castles in the area. The first mentions of the city appear in his letters from 1323.

Transcript of Gediminas' letter, which is the oldest known mentioning of Vilnius in written sources (25 January 1323)
Transcript of Gediminas' letter, which is the oldest known mentioning of Vilnius in written sources (25 January 1323)

History has seen many different rulers in Vilnius. It was the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania for a long time. Later, it was ruled by many different groups. These included the Russian Empire, Napoleonic France, and the Soviet Union.

In 1990, the leaders announced they wanted to restore an independent Lithuania.

Leaders of the Supreme Council of Lithuania on 11 March 1990
Leaders of the Supreme Council of Lithuania on 11 March 1990

This was a very important time for the country. The Soviet Union recognized Lithuanian independence in September 1991.

Today, Vilnius is a modern and busy place. It is a major center for the global fintech industry. The city is also a financial center, ranking 29th in Europe.

Constitution Avenue in Vilnius by Augustas Didžgalvis
Constitution Avenue in Vilnius by Augustas Didžgalvis

Many people visit the Old Town to see its beautiful architecture. This area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is known for a style called Vilnian Baroque. The city also hosted the 2023 NATO Summit. It was named the European Green Capital in 2025.

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🖼️ Images & Media (74)
File:Painting depicting the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas' dream about an Iron Wolf (painted by Aleksander Lesser in 1835).jpg
Painting depicting the Lithuanian Grand...
File:Transcript of Gediminas' letter, which is the oldest known mentioning of Vilnius in written sources (25 January 1323).jpg
Transcript of Gediminas' letter, which is...
File:Vilenskija zamki. Віленскія замкі (T. Makoŭski, 1600) (2).jpg
Vilenskija zamki. Віленскія замкі (T....
File:Leaders of the Supreme Council of Lithuania on 11 March 1990.jpg
Leaders of the Supreme Council of...
File:Constitution Avenue in Vilnius by Augustas Didžgalvis.jpg
Constitution Avenue in Vilnius by...
File:Vilnia 2023b.jpg
Vilnia 2023b.jpg
File:Foggy Winter Sunrise in Vilnius.jpg
Foggy Winter Sunrise in Vilnius.jpg
File:Gediminas Avenue in autumn.jpg
Gediminas Avenue in autumn.jpg
File:Vilnius skyline - Oct 14, 2019.jpg
Vilnius skyline - Oct 14, 2019.jpg
File:Bernardinerkirche Vilnius 1.jpg
Bernardinerkirche Vilnius 1.jpg
File:Tombstone for Leonas Sapiega01(js).jpg
Tombstone for Leonas Sapiega01(js).jpg
File:Rusiecki-Litwinka z wierzbami.jpg
Rusiecki-Litwinka z wierzbami.jpg

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