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Reedfish

life science Maturity 5-7 Next article →

The reedfish is a very special kind of fish. You might also hear people call it a ropefish or a snakefish.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

This fish lives in West and Central Africa. It likes warm, slow-moving water or places where water stays still. You can find them in places like Benin, Cameroon, and Nigeria. They often hide among thick reeds and many plants. These fish belong to a group called Polypteridae. They are the only members of their own group, known as the genus Erpetoichthys. This name comes from Greek words that mean "creeping thing fish."

Reedfish have a very interesting way of breathing. Most fish only use gills to take oxygen from the water. However, the reedfish has a pair of lungs too.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

These lungs let them breathe air from the surface. This is helpful when the water has very little oxygen in it. It even lets them spend some time out of the water. They can slither across land just like a snake. They sometimes do this to find food to eat.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

Scientists have studied how these fish grow so long. Most long fish, like eels, grow extra bones in their tails. But reedfish grow extra bones in the front part of their bodies.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

This is why they look so much like snakes. A study of over 2,000 wild fish found none longer than 1 meter. Some people claim they grow even larger, but that is not true. The males are often olive-green in color. The females are usually more yellowish-brown. They can also be told apart by the shape of their fins.

These fish are active at night, which means they are nocturnal.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

They hunt for many different things to eat. They like annelid worms, small shrimp, and even snails. They also eat insects and small fish. When they have babies, the females lay eggs near the male. The male then hides the eggs in underwater plants. The tiny larvae hatch very fast, after only 70 hours. They stay attached to plants until they are 22 days old.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

Today, the reedfish faces some hard jobs in the wild. They are listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. This is because people are changing their homes. Palm oil plantations and new cities take away their space.

Erpetoichthys calabaricus
Erpetoichthys calabaricus

People also catch them for food or to sell to pet stores. In aquariums, these fish have a lot of personality. They are peaceful but can be very curious. Some people find them hard to keep because they like to jump. They might even try to explore the world outside their tanks.

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File:Erpetoichthys calabaricus.jpg
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