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Ram Gopal (dancer)

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Bissano Ram Gopal was a pioneering Indian dancer and choreographer. He was a modernist who transformed how the world viewed Indian movement. He achieved this by blending classical Indian dance with balletic choreography. This unique style allowed him to perform as a soloist on global stages. He was one of the first artists to showcase Indian classical dance in the West. His skill was so great that the Polish critic Tadeusz Zelenski called him "the Nijinsky of India."

His dance style was a complex mix of many different traditions. He began his training in Kathakali with Guru Kunju Kurup and Chandu Panickar. Later, in his early forties, he studied the Pandanallur style of Bharatanatyam. He learned this from Guru Meenakshi Sundaram Pillai and Muthukumaran Pillai. Gopal also mastered Kathak from Sohanlal and Bowri Prasad. He even incorporated Manipuri dance into his work. He was able to assimilate these four different schools of technique into his own performances. Critics noted how he matched their different styles, costumes, and moods perfectly.

Ram Gopal's career was defined by many famous productions. He is most well known for his works titled Legend of the Taj Mahal and Dance of the Setting Sun. He also created the production known as Dances of India. In 1960, he collaborated with the British ballerina Dame Alicia Markova. They created a duet called "Radha-Krishna" based on Hindu mythology. In this performance, Markova danced as Radha and Gopal danced as Krishna. This partnership was so significant that it is commemorated at the National Portrait Gallery in London. There, a bronze bust of Markova stands next to a portrait of Gopal by Feliks Topolski.

His journey as a professional dancer took him across many continents. In the 1930s, the American dancer La Meri invited him to the United States. He made his solo debut in New York City on May 1, 1938, at the 46th Street Theatre. Later that year, he traveled to Poland for a tour organized by the writer Janta-Połczyński. In 1939, he visited Paris with the Kathak dancer Sohanlal. He also made his London debut at the Aldwych Theatre in 1939. During his time in England, he met Queen Mary and became friends with leading ballet figures.

After World War II, Gopal continued to tour extensively with his company. His productions became famous for their specific use of costumes, staging, and lighting. He represented India at the New York Golden Anniversary International Dance Festival in 1948. He also performed at the Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival in 1954. In 1956, he appeared at the Edinburgh Festival. His reputation was so high that the famous dancer Nijinsky came to inspect him in 1948. He also worked with the Austrian expressionist dancer Hilde Holger on experimental pieces.

Beyond the stage, Gopal was a dedicated teacher and writer. He published the book Indian Dancing in 1951. In 1957, he released his autobiography, Rhythms in the Heavens. He also shared his knowledge by opening dance schools. He first opened a school in Bangalore. Later, he moved to England and opened the Academy of Indian Dance and Music in London in 1962. His life was also captured on film. The French filmmaker Claude Lamorisse made two films about him titled "Aum Shiva" and "Ram." He also appeared in the 1947 documentary short Lord Siva Danced.

Ram Gopal received many prestigious honors for his contributions to the arts. In 1990, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship from India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama. In 1999, he was awarded an Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his services to dance. He was born in Bangalore, India, on November 20, 1912. His name, Bissano, relates to the Hindi word for twenty. He lived in several places, including London, Venice, and the South of France. Today, his ornate headgears are preserved in the V&A Museum in London.

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