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Racquetball

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Racquetball is a fast-paced racquet sport played on an enclosed court.

USMC-15392
USMC-15392

Players use a stringed racquet to strike a hollow, bouncy rubber ball. The game can be played as singles with two players or as doubles with four players. Unlike tennis or badminton, there is no net separating the opponents. Instead, the walls, floor, and ceiling serve as legal playing surfaces. The primary objective is to hit the ball against the front wall so that it bounces in a way that the opponent cannot return it to the front wall before it hits the ground. This requires great speed, agility, and precise control.

To understand the game, one must look at the specific mechanics of the court and the serve.

Racquetballcourtdimensions-en
Racquetballcourtdimensions-en

A standard court is rectangular, measuring 40 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 20 feet high. The floor features red lines that define specific areas like the service box and the receiving line. A point begins with a serve, where the player must bounce the ball on the floor once. The player then strikes the ball directly against the front wall. For the serve to be legal, the ball must hit the floor beyond the short line. Additionally, the ball may touch one side wall, but hitting both side walls before the floor results in a fault.

Equipment plays a vital role in how the game is played and felt. Players use a racquet that is no longer than 22 inches. The ball is a dynamic rubber sphere with a diameter of 2.25 inches, or 57 millimeters. Because the ball moves so quickly, eyeguards are mandatory during competitions to prevent serious eye injuries. Many competitive players also wear a glove on their racquet hand to improve their grip. Players typically wear court shoes designed for rapid lateral and vertical movements. Even the color of the ball can change the experience of the game.

Different ball colors are manufactured for various skill levels and speeds. Blue and green balls are common, with blue being a neutral choice for beginners. For professional play, the International Racquetball Tour sometimes uses a purple ball. Some players prefer a black ball because it moves slower, which allows for longer rallies. In contrast, red balls, such as the Red Ektelon Fireballs, are the fastest and heaviest. These variations allow players to adjust the pace of the match. To maintain the proper bounce, players should keep their balls in room temperature settings.

Modern racquetball was invented by Joseph Sobek in 1950. Sobek was a professional tennis and handball player at the YMCA in Greenwich, Connecticut. He wanted to create a sport that was easy to learn but very fast. He combined elements from squash, handball, and paddleball to develop his game. Initially, he called the sport "paddle rackets." In 1952, he founded the National Paddle Rackets Association to codify the rules. His promotion of the sport helped it spread rapidly through YMCAs and Jewish Community Centers across the country.

The sport experienced a massive surge in popularity during the 1970s fitness boom. By 1974, an estimated 3.1 million people were playing racquetball. While popularity dipped in the late 1980s, the number of players has remained steady at approximately 5.6 million. The professional landscape has seen many changes and different governing bodies over the decades. Today, the International Racquetball Tour (IRT) is the primary men's professional organization. The Ladies Professional Racquetball Tour (LPRT) serves as the main professional body for women. The International Racquetball Federation (IRF) governs the World Racquetball Championships.

Racquetball is part of a broader family of court sports. It shares similarities with 40x20 American handball and the British sport Squash 57. In the United Kingdom, a version called racketball is played on a court that is shorter and wider than the U.S. version. British racketball uses a smaller, less-dynamic ball, and the ceiling is considered out-of-bounds. The World Squash Federation recently rebranded this version as Squash 57 to highlight its connection to the squash family. Whether played in the U.S. or internationally, these sports all celebrate the skill of hitting a ball within a confined space.

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