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Pictogram

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A pictogram is a graphic symbol that tells a story. It works by looking like a real, physical object.

National Park Service sample pictographs
National Park Service sample pictographs

These pictures help people share ideas through visual communication. They are very helpful when people speak different languages. A pictogram can be a simple sign or a whole writing system. Some people even call a writing system made of pictograms "pictography."

Email Silk
Email Silk

This makes sharing information fast and easy for everyone.

There are many ways to use these symbols. In math, people use them to make charts. These are called statistical pictograms.

Titanic casualties
Titanic casualties

In these charts, small icons represent numbers to make data easy to see. You might use one icon to represent ten items. If you have fifteen items, you might show one full icon and one half icon. This helps people understand amounts at a glance. In medicine, doctors use them to help patients take the right medicine. This is very useful for people who find reading difficult.

People have used pictograms for a very long time. Ancient Sumerian, Egyptian, and Chinese civilizations used them to develop writing. They turned these symbols into systems to represent big concepts. In prehistoric times, people painted art on rock surfaces. These specific rock paintings are called pictographs. They are different from petroglyphs, which are carved into the stone.

National Park Service sample pictographs
National Park Service sample pictographs

The Chumash people of California made famous rock art. In Mongolia, the Altai rock art is so important that UNESCO added it to a special heritage list in 2011.

We see pictograms in our modern world every single day. You might see them on a computer screen as icons. These small pictures help you move around your device. You also see them at airports, train stations, or on road signs. The Olympic Games have used them since the 1964 Tokyo games.

Email Silk
Email Silk

Even the emojis on your phone are a type of pictogram. Some symbols are even part of global standards. The ISO 7001 set defines symbols for public information. Other sets include laundry symbols on your clothes or hazard signs on chemicals.

Pictograms connect the past to our high-tech present. They show how humans always find ways to talk to each other. Artists like Xu Bing have even made a "universal language" using pictograms. He created a project called "Book from the Ground" using symbols from all over the world.

Titanic casualties
Titanic casualties

Scientists also study old rock drawings to understand different cultures. They want to find new ways to talk with native people. This helps protect the many different ways people live and share their history. Whether on a rock or a screen, pictograms keep us connected.

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File:National Park Service sample pictographs.svg
National Park Service sample pictographs.svg
File:Titanic casualties.svg
Titanic casualties.svg
File:Email Silk.svg
Email Silk.svg
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