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Pasto, Colombia

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

San Juan de Pasto is the capital city of the Nariño department. It is located in southern Colombia within the Atriz Valley. The city sits on the Andes cordillera, which is a major mountain range.

Parque Narino Pasto
Parque Narino Pasto

It lies at the foot of the Galeras volcano. This volcano stands at a high elevation near the city. Pasto serves as a vital administrative, cultural, and religious center for the region. Because of its religious importance, it is often called the theological city of Colombia.

The geography of Pasto is defined by its high altitude. Most of the city sits between 2,500 and 2,600 meters above sea level. Some parts of the settlement extend onto the flanks of the Galeras volcano.

DSCN8766
DSCN8766

This high elevation creates a specific type of climate. Under the Köppen climate classification, it has an altitude-influenced warm-summer Mediterranean climate, known as Csb. This means the weather stays relatively consistent throughout the year. Even though the city is close to the equator, it does not get very hot. Average high temperatures usually range between 19 and 22 degrees Celsius. Average low temperatures typically fall between 8 and 11 degrees Celsius. The city also receives about 1,000 millimeters of rainfall annually.

The history of Pasto began with indigenous peoples. The Atriz Valley was inhabited by the Quillacingas. The name "Pasto" comes from the indigenous groups present when Spanish conquerors arrived. The Spanish conquistador Sebastián de Belalcázar founded the city in 1537. In 1539, another conquistador named Lorenzo de Aldana moved the city to its current location. He established it under the name "San Juan de Pasto." During the Independence Wars against Spain, the city remained a royalist city. This political stance and its geography caused Pasto to remain isolated from the rest of Colombia for a long time.

Today, the economy of the municipality is diverse. About 56.0% of establishments are dedicated to trade, while 28.9% focus on services. Industry accounts for 11.1% of establishments. In urban areas, trade and service industries are the main activities. Many small businesses also focus on craft manufacturing. Larger companies in the Nariño department are often involved with food, beverages, and furniture. In rural areas, people focus on farming, cattle ranching, and small-scale mining. The Pasto Chamber of Commerce, established in 1918, helps manage much of this commercial activity.

Culture and tradition are very important in Pasto. The most famous event is the Blacks and Whites' Carnival.

Pasto 20060106 001
Pasto 20060106 001

This festival takes place every year from January 2 to January 7. Craftsmen spend years creating large floats that show legends and traditions. During the carnival, people paint each other's faces with safe cosmetic colors. They also throw colorful talcum powder and party foam. Another unique tradition is Barniz de Pasto, or Pasto Varnish. Artisans use a natural rubber called mopa-mopa from a specific tree. They stretch this colored rubber over woodwork to create intricate designs.

Tourism in the region offers many natural and historical sites. One major attraction is Lake Guamuez, also known as La Cocha lake.

La Cocha
La Cocha

This lake is 27 kilometers from the city and sits at 2,800 meters above sea level. In the middle of the lake is the Island of La Corota, which is a National Forest Sanctuary. For those interested in nature, the Chimayoy Environmental Center provides education and ecological research. The city also features many historic churches. These include the eighteenth-century Church of San Juan Bautista and the cathedral.

Food and sports also define the local lifestyle. The gastronomy is a mix of different cultures. A very typical dish is roasted guinea pig, known locally as cuy.

Comida típica nariñense
Comida típica nariñense

People also enjoy desserts like quimbolitos and drinks made from lulo or passion fruit. Sports are very popular, especially football. The professional team Deportivo Pasto was founded in 1949. The club won its first major league championship in June 2006.

Estadiolibertad2010
Estadiolibertad2010

Additionally, many people in the region play a traditional sport called Chaza.

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🖼️ Images & Media (6)
File:DSCN8766.JPG
DSCN8766.JPG
File:Parque Narino Pasto.JPG
Parque Narino Pasto.JPG
File:Pasto 20060106 001.jpg
Pasto 20060106 001.jpg
File:La Cocha.JPG
La Cocha.JPG
File:Comida típica nariñense.JPG
Comida típica nariñense.JPG
File:Estadiolibertad2010.jpg
Estadiolibertad2010.jpg
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