Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🗺️

Nakuru

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Nakuru is a major urban center located in Nakuru County, Kenya.

Ben Omwaka
Ben Omwaka

It serves as the capital city for its namesake county. The city sits at an elevation of 1,850 meters above sea level. It is positioned along the Nairobi–Nakuru Highway. This road connects the city to Kenya's capital, Nairobi. Geographically, Nakuru is part of the Great Rift Valley region. Some also consider it part of the Mount Kenya region. It is the largest urban area in both of these regions. In 2019, the urban population was recorded at 570,674 people.

Nakuru, Kenyata Avenue - panoramio
Nakuru, Kenyata Avenue - panoramio

In December 2021, it officially became a city. It was the fourth urban area in Kenya to receive this status.

The city's history began with the British authorities. They proclaimed a township on 28 January 1904. This area was located one mile from the railway station entrance. The name Nakuru comes from the Maasai-speaking people of Kenya. During the colonial era, it was part of the White Highlands. In 1952, Nakuru became a municipality. The city has played a major role in Kenyan politics. The first and second presidents of Kenya had semi-official residences here. Notable politicians like Kariuki Chotara and Kihika Kimani lived in the area. The city also faced hardship during the 2007 post-election violence. During that time, dozens of buildings were burnt to the ground.

Nature and tourism are vital to the region.

Flamingos, Lake Nakuru
Flamingos, Lake Nakuru

Lake Nakuru sits just two kilometers south of the town. This is a soda lake and part of the Lake Nakuru National Park. The park is a famous site for its dense flamingo population. It is also a feeding site for great white pelicans. The park protects over 450 bird species and 56 mammal species. You might see Rothschild's giraffes living there. In 1983, the park became a rhinoceros sanctuary. It was named a Ramsar site in 1990. In 2009, it was recognized as an Important Bird Area. Nearby, the Menengai Crater is a massive dormant volcano.

Menengai Forest Summit
Menengai Forest Summit

This crater is the second largest surviving volcanic crater in the world. It drops 483 meters down from the rim. Visitors can see small fumaroles and steam vents in the forest.

The economy of Nakuru is built on several key sectors. Agriculture is a primary driver of local wealth. Farmers grow crops like coffee, wheat, barley, maize, beans, and potatoes. These crops are stored in large silos on the city outskirts. The National Cereals and Produce Board manages some of this storage. These crops supply manufacturing industries in Nakuru and Nairobi. For example, they are used in flour milling and grain ginneries. Dairy farming also supports local milk processing plants. Manufacturing includes making soaps, motorcycles, batteries, and gardening equipment. The city is also a major hub for retail supermarket chains.

Nyayo gardens
Nyayo gardens

Large public markets also serve the community near the Nairobi road.

Education and health services are highly developed in the city. Nakuru is a center for higher learning. It is home to Egerton University and Kabarak University.

Mount Kenya University, Nakuru
Mount Kenya University, Nakuru

Other institutions include Mount Kenya University and the University of Nairobi. There are also many public and private secondary schools. Students can study at places like Nakuru Boys High School. For public health, Nakuru Hospital is one of the largest in the county. The Nakuru War Memorial Hospital also serves the community. This hospital was opened by Norman Jewell after World War I.

A public library is also available through the Kenya National Library Service.

Transportation connects Nakuru to many other parts of Kenya.

Train passing by Nakuru town
Train passing by Nakuru town

The Rift Valley Railways narrow gauge track runs through the city. The station is located near the edge of the central business district. This rail line connects Nairobi and Mombasa to the east. It also links Kisumu and Eldoret to the west. The Eldoret-Nairobi highway passes through the city as well. For air travel, the city has the Lanet Airstrip. The Ministry of Transport has approved plans to upgrade it to an international airport. There is also the Kabarak Airstrip located away from the center.

Nakuru is a cosmopolitan city with a diverse population. It hosts many different ethnic communities from across Kenya. The Kikuyu community makes up about 70% of the population. The Kalenjin are the second largest group. Other groups include the Luhya, Gusii, Luo, and people of Indian descent. This mix of people creates a culture of hospitality. It also influences the local cuisine and entrepreneurship. The city is the headquarters for Nakuru County. It is currently led by Governor Susan Kihika. The city also maintains a relationship as a sister city to East Orange, New Jersey.

764 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (9)
File:Jules Leclercq- Aux sources du Nil-1913-station ferroviaire de Nakourou.jpg
Jules Leclercq- Aux sources du...
File:Ben Omwaka.jpg
Ben Omwaka.jpg
File:Nakuru, Kenyata Avenue - panoramio.jpg
Nakuru, Kenyata Avenue - panoramio.jpg
File:Nyayo gardens.JPG
Nyayo gardens.JPG
File:Mount Kenya University, Nakuru.jpg
Mount Kenya University, Nakuru.jpg
File:Martin Gicinga at Nakuru Public Library.jpg
Martin Gicinga at Nakuru Public Library.jpg
File:Train passing by Nakuru town.jpg
Train passing by Nakuru town.jpg
File:Menengai Forest Summit.jpg
Menengai Forest Summit.jpg
File:Flamingos, Lake Nakuru.jpg
Flamingos, Lake Nakuru.jpg
More to explore

✨ What else?

Related topics you might enjoy

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.