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Motorcycle speedway

sports Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Motorcycle speedway is a high-speed motorsport featuring riders on specialized machines.

Speedway track labelled
Speedway track labelled

Usually, four or six riders compete simultaneously on an oval circuit. They race for four anti-clockwise laps to determine the winner. This sport is highly popular in Central and Northern Europe. It also maintains a strong following in Australia and North America. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme, or FIM, administers the sport internationally. The highest individual scoring rider in the Speedway Grand Prix is named the world champion.

The motorcycles used in speedway are unique engineering marvels. These machines utilize only a single gear and possess no brakes.

Jawa Speedway 500 01
Jawa Speedway 500 01

To navigate turns, riders employ a technique known as broadsiding or powersliding. This involves sliding the machine sideways into the bends. Riders use the rear wheel to scrub off speed. This method allows them to maintain drive to power forward around the curve. On straight sections, motorcycles can reach speeds of 110 km/h or more.

Speedway tracks are strictly regulated by the FIM to ensure safety and consistency.

Speedway track labelled
Speedway track labelled

Each track must be an oval with two straights and two semicircles. The length must be between 260 and 425 meters. Tracks may be banked, but gradients are limited to 5% on straights and 10% on bends. The surface consists of four layers of grading. The top layer must be loose material like shale, granite, or crushed rock. No individual piece of surface material can exceed 16 mm in size.

Maintaining the track surface is a continuous process during racing events. Tractors towing specially adapted rakes level the surface at regular intervals. This redistributes the loose material evenly across the track. Workers also water the surface to prevent excessive dust. This helps protect the riders and the spectators. Using asphalt, concrete, or tarmac for any layer of the track is strictly prohibited. These rules ensure the loose surface remains predictable for the riders.

The history of speedway is marked by early pioneers and rapid expansion. Evidence suggests racing occurred on small dirt tracks before World War I. American rider Don Johns was known for broadsiding before 1914.

Colac Herald
Colac Herald

In the 1920s, promoter John S. Hoskins helped popularize the sport. He brought speedway to England in 1928 aboard the ship Oronsay.

Sydney Speedway 1946 by Ray Olsen
Sydney Speedway 1946 by Ray Olsen

This move helped introduce solo motorcycle racing to the Northern Hemisphere. Early riders even used steel shoes fashioned from worn coal shovels to assist their sliding.

Competition in speedway requires immense precision and tactical skill. The start of the race is a critical moment called "gating."

Correct gating can provide an immediate advantage over other competitors. As the race progresses, riders look for grippy parts of the track. Finding these areas can allow a rider to pass others on the inside or outside. A record-setting performance by Leigh Adams showed an average speed of 83 km/h.

Speedway start 1
Speedway start 1

This highlights the balance between high speed and controlled sliding.

Safety remains a primary concern for organizers and governing bodies. Tracks utilize various protective barriers, including suspended wire and wooden fences.

Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz 2
Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz 2

Many modern tracks use air fences on the bends. These are inflated panels designed to dissipate energy during an impact. When a rider hits the fence, the air transfers through blow-off valves or restriction ports.

Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz (dmuchana banda)
Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz (dmuchana banda)

This compression helps protect the rider from injury. Such advanced safety systems are mandatory in major leagues like the British Elite League and the Speedway Grand Prix.

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🖼️ Images & Media (15)
File:Colac Herald.jpg
Colac Herald.jpg
File:Sydney Speedway 1946 by Ray Olsen.jpg
Sydney Speedway 1946 by Ray Olsen.jpg
File:Speedway start 1.jpg
Speedway start 1.jpg
File:Speedway track labelled.svg
Speedway track labelled.svg
File:Speedway Wolfslake gegen Stralsund 07.06.2015 14-29-26.JPG
Speedway Wolfslake gegen Stralsund...
File:Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz 2.jpg
Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz 2.jpg
File:Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz (dmuchana banda).jpg
Stadion Polonii Bydgoszcz (dmuchana banda).jpg
File:Jawa Speedway 500 01.JPG
Jawa Speedway 500 01.JPG
File:Zuzel deflektor.jpg
Zuzel deflektor.jpg
File:Speedway Extraliiga 22. 5. 2010 - lähtö 18.jpg
Speedway Extraliiga 22. 5. 2010 - lähtö 18.jpg
File:Speedway Wolfslake gegen Stralsund 07.06.2015 14-27-11.JPG
Speedway Wolfslake gegen Stralsund...
File:Cardiff GP 2008.JPG
Cardiff GP 2008.JPG

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