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Metropolitan France

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

Metropolitan France is a special part of the French Republic.

Fr-map
Fr-map

It is located in the continent of Europe. This area includes the main land of France and the island of Corsica. It also includes other French islands in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. People often call the main land "the Hexagon." This name comes from the six-sided shape of the country.

Hexagone
Hexagone

The borders in the east have stayed mostly the same since 1962.

This region is very large and holds most of the people.

Paris from the Arc de Triomphe, 17 October 2019
Paris from the Arc de Triomphe, 17 October 2019

It covers 82.0% of the total land in the French Republic. Most people live here, which is about 95.9% of the population. In January 2026, about 66,793,000 people lived in Metropolitan France. The rest of the people live in overseas France. This includes places like Mayotte and New Caledonia. These overseas lands are also part of the same republic.

The name "metropolitan" has a long history. It comes from the Greek words for "mother city."

Fr-map
Fr-map

Long ago, France had many colonies in other parts of the world. During that time, the main country was called the "metropolis." This helped people tell the difference between the main land and the colonies. Today, some people do not like using this old term. They prefer to call it the "European territory of France." This is how the European Union describes it in its treaties.

There are many ways to count the people and land of France. One group called INSEE uses the term "la France entière." This means "the whole of France."

Hexagone
Hexagone

This term includes the five overseas departments. It does not include every single overseas territory. Other groups, like the Ministry of the Interior, have different rules. They use the term to mean the entire French Republic. The World Bank also uses the name "France" to talk about the whole area. They include both the metropolitan lands and the overseas departments.

Metropolitan France is a very important part of the world. It is part of the Schengen Area, which helps people move across borders.

Paris from the Arc de Triomphe, 17 October 2019
Paris from the Arc de Triomphe, 17 October 2019

The land is shaped by many different features. The coastlines touch the English Channel and the Atlantic Ocean. To the south, the Pyrenees mountains form a border with Spain. In the east, the Alps and Jura mountains are found. These landmarks help define the unique shape of the Hexagon.

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