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Mei Baojiu

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Mei Baojiu was a highly influential Chinese performer of Peking opera and Kunqu opera.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

He specialized in the Dan role, which involves performing female characters. He also served as the leader of the Mei Lanfang Peking Opera troupe in Beijing. As a master of the second generation of the Méi School, he carried on a specific artistic tradition. This school of performance is named after his father, the famous artist Mei Lanfang. Baojiu's life was dedicated to preserving this cultural heritage and sharing it with new audiences.

Learning the complexities of Peking opera required training from many different specialists.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

His first teacher for the Qingyi role, a specific type of female character, was Wang Youqing. Wang Youqing was the nephew of Wang Yaoqing, who had previously taught Mei Lanfang. Baojiu also studied martial arts under the guidance of Tao Yuzhi. To master Kunqu opera, he studied with the prestigious performer Zhu Chuanming. Later, he received instruction in the Dan role from Zhu Qinxin. His father, Mei Lanfang, also provided direct guidance to help him perfect his craft.

Mei Baojiu's training involved learning specific techniques for voice and movement.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

His father often gave him advice to improve his stage presence. For example, after watching a performance of The Story of Sue San, Mei Lanfang suggested changes to the spoken parts. He advised Baojiu to speak more infectiously and to increase his speaking speed to create tension during exciting moments. This helped the performer create a sense of drama for the audience. Such detailed coaching was essential for mastering the subtle nuances of the Méi School style.

Born in Shanghai in the spring of 1934, Baojiu was the ninth and youngest child of Mei Lanfang.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

His name, Baojiu, reflects this because "jiu" means nine in Chinese. His father noticed his delicate voice and comely appearance early on. Because of these gifts, his father encouraged him to enter the world of opera. Baojiu began performing at the age of ten in Shanghai. By age thirteen, he was performing traditional plays for charity. At age sixteen, he joined the national tour of the Mei Lanfang Troupe.

His career faced significant shifts due to changing government regulations.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

In 1961, following his father's death, he became the leader of the Mei Lanfang Peking Opera troupe. However, after 1964, central government regulations forbade most traditional play performances. During this period, Baojiu shifted his focus to recording and stage lighting work. He eventually returned to the stage in 1978. He spent the following years reforming the troupe and rearranging classic plays like Yuzhoufeng the Sword and the story of Yang Guifei.

Mei Baojiu was deeply committed to the survival of his art form through teaching.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

He trained more than twenty students to ensure the Méi School would continue. These students included Li Shengsu, Dong Yuanyuan, and Zhang Jing. Notably, Hu Wenge was his only male student. He also worked to bring opera to younger generations. In 2009, he proposed introducing Peking opera into elementary schools. In 2012, he suggested using animation to make the art form more interesting to teenagers.

Throughout his life, he participated in many important cultural activities.

Mei Baojiu as a child
Mei Baojiu as a child

In 1993, he led his troupe on a visit to Taiwan to perform for the public. He also participated in memorial activities to honor his father between 1981 and 1984. His academic achievements included receiving a Ph.D. from J. F. Oberlin University in Japan in 2012. Mei Baojiu passed away on April 25, 2016, at the age of 82. He left behind a massive legacy as the only heir to the Meipai Qingyi tradition.

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