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Manhattan

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Manhattan is a borough of New York City.

Manhattan by Sentinel-2
Manhattan by Sentinel-2

It is the smallest of the five boroughs by land area. However, it is also the most densely populated. This means many people live in a very small space. Manhattan is coextensive with New York County. It sits almost entirely on Manhattan Island. The island is located near the southern tip of New York state. It is a central part of the Northeast megalopolis. This region is a large, connected urban area. Manhattan serves as the economic and administrative center for the city. Many call it a global capital for finance, media, and entertainment.

The geography of Manhattan is defined by water.

NYC Downtown Manhattan Skyline seen from Paulus Hook 2019-12-20 IMG 7347 FRD
NYC Downtown Manhattan Skyline seen from Paulus Hook 2019-12-20 IMG 7347 FRD

It sits on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The borough is bounded by three different rivers. These are the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers. The island also includes several small adjacent islands. These include Roosevelt, U Thant, and Randalls and Wards Islands. There is also a small neighborhood called Marble Hill. Interestingly, Marble Hill is now part of the U.S. mainland. The borough is divided into three informal sections. These are Lower Manhattan, Midtown, and Upper Manhattan. Each section cuts across the long axis of the island.

Before European colonists arrived, the land belonged to the Lenape people.

Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop
Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop

The Munsee, Lenape, and Wappinger tribes lived in this territory. They established several settlements like Sapohanikan and Nechtanc. They used a system of interconnected trails to move around. One primary trail ran from Inwood in the north to Battery Park in the south. This trail eventually became the famous Broadway. The name Manhattan likely comes from the Munsee word *manaháhtaan*. This term can mean "the place where we get bows." Some traditions say it refers to a grove of hickory trees. These trees were perfect for making bows.

European contact began with the explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano. He sailed for France and visited the area in 1524. He was the first documented European to see the region. Later, Henry Hudson mapped the island during a 1609 voyage. The Dutch West India Company established a permanent presence in 1624. They first set up a trading post on Governors Island. By 1625, they began building Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island. This settlement was called New Amsterdam. In 1664, English forces took control of the colony. They renamed it New York after the Duke of York. The Dutch briefly regained control in 1673. They called it New Orange, but England kept it permanently in 1674.

Manhattan is a massive engine for the global economy.

Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop
Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop

It produces the highest GDP in the United States. This is true by both absolute and per capita measures. The borough is home to Wall Street. It also hosts Billionaires' Row. Two of the world's largest stock exchanges are located here. These are the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. The residential property here has the highest sale price per square foot in the U.S. Even retail is famous. Fifth Avenue was once the most expensive shopping street in the world. In 2024, it moved to second place behind Milan's Via Montenapoleone.

Many people visit Manhattan to see its famous landmarks.

Central Park - The Pond (48377220157)
Central Park - The Pond (48377220157)

Central Park is one of the top ten most-visited attractions globally. Times Square and Grand Central Terminal are also highly popular. The skyline is filled with iconic skyscrapers. These include the Empire State Building and the Chrysler Building.

Past Vs. Present
Past Vs. Present

One World Trade Center also stands in Lower Manhattan. The Statue of Liberty sits in the nearby harbor. It served as a symbol for millions of arriving immigrants. The borough is also a center for culture and education. It hosts many universities like Columbia and NYU. It is also home to the United Nations headquarters in Midtown.

Manhattan has played many important roles in social history.

Liberty Island photo Don Ramey Logan
Liberty Island photo Don Ramey Logan

It served as the capital of the United States from 1785 to 1790. In the 1920s, Harlem became the center of the Harlem Renaissance. This was a major cultural movement. In 1969, the Stonewall Inn in Greenwich Village became a key site. It is considered the birthplace of the modern gay-rights movement. This event helped make Manhattan a center for LGBTQ culture. The borough also faces modern challenges. Lower Manhattan was the site of the original World Trade Center. This area was destroyed during the attacks on September 11, 2001.

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🖼️ Images & Media (29)
File:George Washington Statue at Federal Hall.JPG
George Washington Statue at Federal Hall.JPG
File:UA Flight 175 hits WTC south tower 9-11 edit.jpeg
UA Flight 175 hits WTC south tower 9-11 edit.jpeg
File:Manhattan by Sentinel-2.jpg
Manhattan by Sentinel-2.jpg
File:Liberty Island photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg
Liberty Island photo Don Ramey Logan.jpg
File:Southwest corner of Central Park, looking east, NYC.jpg
Southwest corner of Central Park, looking...
File:Past Vs. Present.png
Past Vs. Present.png
File:Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop.jpg
Broadway Crowds (5896264776) crop.jpg
File:Park and 57th street Manhattan New York photo D Ramey Logan.jpg
Park and 57th street Manhattan New York...
File:Central Park - The Pond (48377220157).jpg
Central Park - The Pond (48377220157).jpg
File:Flatiron_Building,_Manhattan,_New_York,_USA.jpg
Flatiron_Building,_Manhattan,_New_York,_USA.jpg
File:Times Square New Year's Eve 2023 Numbers Ball drop (52579744724).jpg
Times Square New Year's Eve 2023 Numbers...
File:New York Times Building - Bottom Portion (48193462432).jpg
New York Times Building - Bottom Portion...

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