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Macedonia (Greece)

geography Maturity 11-13 Next article →

Macedonia is a very large region in the country of Greece.

Topographic map of Macedonia (Greece)
Topographic map of Macedonia (Greece)

It sits in a part of the world called the southern Balkans. The land here is very mountainous and has a long coastline.

Halkidiki,DSC 1052
Halkidiki,DSC 1052

Many people live in this area, with about 2.36 million people as of 2020.

Population pyramid of Macedonia (Greece)
Population pyramid of Macedonia (Greece)

Some of the biggest cities, like Thessaloniki and Kavala, are right by the sea.

Port of Thessaloniki
Port of Thessaloniki

The region is a major part of the Greek economy. It produces much of the food for the country through farming. It is also a top place for tourism and industry.

Halkidiki,DSC 1052
Halkidiki,DSC 1052

This region has a history that goes back a very long time.

ExpansionOfMacedon
ExpansionOfMacedon

In the distant past, it was home to the ancient Macedonian kingdom. This kingdom was ruled by a group called the Argeads. Two of its most famous leaders were Philip II and his son, Alexander the Great.

ExpansionOfMacedon
ExpansionOfMacedon

Long before the kings, humans lived in caves in this area. One cave, called Petralona, held a very old humanoid.

Amfipoli, Greece - panoramio (3)
Amfipoli, Greece - panoramio (3)

Even older living things, like Ouranopithecus macedoniensis, lived here millions of years ago. This shows that life has been in this land for a huge amount of time.

Over many centuries, the name Macedonia changed its meaning.

Greek Macedonia map with subdivisions
Greek Macedonia map with subdivisions

During the time of the Roman and Byzantine empires, the name was used for different areas. Later, when the Ottoman Empire ruled the region, the name Macedonia mostly disappeared from maps. For a long time, the people living there were mostly peasants. They spoke different languages like Greek or various Slavonic tongues. They often identified more by their religion than by a specific nation.

199 Neveska View from the Church
199 Neveska View from the Church

In the 1800s, the name Macedonia was brought back into use.

Ethnic map of Balkans - german 1876
Ethnic map of Balkans - german 1876

This happened as new ideas about nationalism grew in Europe. Both Greeks and Bulgarians used the name in different ways. For many Greeks, the name connected them to the ancient kings of the past. By the early 20th century, different countries like Greece, Bulgaria, and Serbia all wanted part of the land. Eventually, the southern part of the region became part of the Greek state in 1913.

A Salonique, le défilé du premier bataillon grec volontaire
A Salonique, le défilé du premier bataillon grec volontaire

Today, you can visit many amazing places that show this history.

ΑΨΙΔΑ ΓΑΛΕΡΙΟΥ 2
ΑΨΙΔΑ ΓΑΛΕΡΙΟΥ 2

There are four UNESCO World Heritage sites in the region. You can visit Aigai, which was the first capital of the old kingdom. This is where Philip II was killed and Alexander the Great was crowned.

ExpansionOfMacedon
ExpansionOfMacedon

You can also go to Pella, the birthplace of Alexander. Another famous place is Stagira, where the thinker Aristotle was born.

The Synagogue in Veria
The Synagogue in Veria

These sites help us see how the ancient world connects to the world today.

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🖼️ Images & Media (24)
File:ExpansionOfMacedon.jpg
ExpansionOfMacedon.jpg
File:Amfipoli, Greece - panoramio (3).jpg
Amfipoli, Greece - panoramio (3).jpg
File:ΑΨΙΔΑ ΓΑΛΕΡΙΟΥ 2.jpg
ΑΨΙΔΑ ΓΑΛΕΡΙΟΥ 2.jpg
File:Άποψη του τοίχους, Κάστρο Καβάλας (photosiotas).jpg
Άποψη του τοίχους, Κάστρο Καβάλας...
File:GR-platamonas-festung.jpg
GR-platamonas-festung.jpg
File:KRITOPOULOS 1627.JPG
KRITOPOULOS 1627.JPG
File:A Salonique, le défilé du premier bataillon grec volontaire.jpg
A Salonique, le défilé du premier...
File:Topographic map of Macedonia (Greece).svg
Topographic map of Macedonia (Greece).svg
File:Macedonia (Greece) map of Köppen climate classification.svg
Macedonia (Greece) map of Köppen climate...
File:Greek Macedonia map with subdivisions.svg
Greek Macedonia map with subdivisions.svg
File:Port of Thessaloniki.png
Port of Thessaloniki.png
File:Egnatia Odos.JPG
Egnatia Odos.JPG

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