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Lesbos

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Lesbos is a major Greek island located in the northeastern Aegean Sea.

Lesbos2022OSM
Lesbos2022OSM

It is the third largest island in Greece and the eighth largest in the Mediterranean. The island covers an area of 1,635 square kilometers. It features a long coastline of approximately 285 kilometers. A narrow passage of water called the Mytilini Strait separates the island from Asia Minor.

Lesbos topo
Lesbos topo

The island is part of the North Aegean region, which also includes Chios, Ikaria, Lemnos, and Samos.

Mytilene is the capital city and the largest urban center on the island. The name Mytilene is often used to refer to the island as a whole. As of 2021, the total population of Lesbos was 83,755 people. About one third of these inhabitants live in the capital city. The remaining population lives in various small towns and villages. Some of the largest settlements include Plomari, Agia Paraskevi, Polichnitos, Agiassos, Eresos, Gera, and Molyvos.

Agiassos vanaf de Olympos
Agiassos vanaf de Olympos

The history of Lesbos began thousands of years ago. Archaeological evidence shows people inhabited the island since at least 3000 BC. The Neolithic cave of Kagiani likely served as a refuge for shepherds. Other important sites include the settlement of Chalakies and the habitation at Thermi. The largest ancient habitation was found at Lisvori, which dates from 2800 to 1900 BC. Some parts of this ancient site are now submerged in shallow coastal waters.

LesbosPetrified trunks23-24
LesbosPetrified trunks23-24

During the Classical era, Lesbos was a center of great intellectual and artistic life. The island was home to two famous lyric poets, Sappho and Alcaeus.

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, RA, OM - Sappho and Alcaeus - Walters 37159
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, RA, OM - Sappho and Alcaeus - Walters 37159

Because of these writers, the island is often called the "Island of the Poets." Many other notable figures lived there, including the historian Phanias and the botanist Theophrastus. The philosopher Aristotle also lived on the island for a time. He began his systematic investigations into zoology while staying there.

Λαδοτύρι 7719
Λαδοτύρι 7719

Political control of the island has changed many times through history. In the Middle Ages, Lesbos was part of the Byzantine Empire. In 1354, the Byzantine emperor granted the island to the Genoese Gattilusio family. They ruled as lords for over one hundred years and built several fortifications.

Denaro of Francesco II Gattilusio
Denaro of Francesco II Gattilusio

The Ottoman Empire conquered the island in September 1462. The Ottomans ruled until the First Balkan War in 1912. After this conflict, Lesbos became part of the Kingdom of Greece.

Mitylene 1905
Mitylene 1905

During Ottoman rule, the island was a busy center for Mediterranean trade. Mytilene was considered the busiest Ottoman port in the Aegean Sea. The island exported many different goods to other regions. These included olives, olive oil, wheat, grapes, raisins, and wine. People also produced figs, fish, dairy products, acorns, soap, leather, and hides.

Ouzo - plomari
Ouzo - plomari

This trade helped the island prosper economically for many years.

Today, Lesbos remains a place of significant historical and natural interest. Visitors can explore ancient ruins and impressive structures like the Roman aqueduct.

The island also features unique natural sites, such as its petrified forest.

LesbosPetrified trunks23-24
LesbosPetrified trunks23-24

The local economy continues to rely on agricultural products like honey and olive oil.

Honig - μέλι aus Mesotopos - panoramio
Honig - μέλι aus Mesotopos - panoramio

The island's identity is deeply connected to its long history of poets, scientists, and diverse cultures.

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🖼️ Images & Media (19)
File:LESBOS, Unattributed Koinon mint. Circa 510-480 BC.jpg
LESBOS, Unattributed Koinon mint. Circa...
File:Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, RA, OM - Sappho and Alcaeus - Walters 37159.jpg
Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, RA, OM - Sappho...
File:Ρωμαικό υδραγωγείο Μόριας 4.jpg
Ρωμαικό υδραγωγείο Μόριας 4.jpg
File:Denaro of Francesco II Gattilusio.jpg
Denaro of Francesco II Gattilusio.jpg
File:Metileme by Giacomo Franco.jpg
Metileme by Giacomo Franco.jpg
File:Mitylene 1905.png
Mitylene 1905.png
The Roman Aquaduct at Mória (Lesvos).ogv
File:Kastro Mytilinis (11).jpg
Kastro Mytilinis (11).jpg
File:Lesbos topo.png
Lesbos topo.png
File:Lesbos2022OSM.png
Lesbos2022OSM.png
File:Olympos lesbos.jpg
Olympos lesbos.jpg
File:Agiassos vanaf de Olympos.jpg
Agiassos vanaf de Olympos.jpg

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