Nepedia
Back to Discover
Advanced Reader
🗺️

Lachlan River

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The Lachlan River is an intermittent river in New South Wales, Australia. An intermittent river is one that does not flow all the time. It is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the larger Murray–Darling basin. This river is unique among rivers in New South Wales. It has significant wetlands along its entire length. Most rivers only have these wet areas near their end. The Lachlan includes Lake Cowal-Wilbertroy, Lake Cargelligo, and Lake Brewster. It also contains nine wetlands of national significance. The river only connects to the Murray–Darling basin during floods.

OxleyLachlanRiver
OxleyLachlanRiver

The river begins on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range. It forms at the confluence of Hannans Creek and Mutmutbilly Creek. This happens east of Gunning in the Southern Tablelands. From there, the river flows north-west, north, west, and south-west. It descends in elevation as it moves through the landscape. The river is joined by thirty-seven tributaries. These are smaller rivers that flow into the main river. Examples include the Crookwell, Abercrombie, Boorowa, and Belubula rivers. Eventually, the river terminates near Oxley in the Great Cumbung swamp. This swamp joins the Murrumbidgee River to the south. This area becomes part of the Lowbidgee Floodplain.

Water management is a major part of the river's geography. The river is impounded by the Wyangala Dam near Cowra. An impounded river is one where the flow is controlled by a dam. There is also a Brewster Weir located between Lake Cargelligo and Hillston. The river passes through many different towns. These include Breadalbane, Reids Flat, Wyangala, Cowra, Gooloogong, and Forbes. It also flows through Euabalong, Condobolin, Lake Cargelligo, Hillston, Booligal, and Oxley.

OxleyLachlanRiver
OxleyLachlanRiver

The annual flow of the Lachlan is very erratic. This means the amount of water changes unpredictably each year. In some years, the flow is very high. In 1950, the flow reached a very high level. In other years, the flow is extremely low. Between April 1944 and April 1945, the river had zero flow. This lasted for over a year. This is different from the Murray and Murrumbidgee rivers. Those rivers have not ceased to flow since European settlement. The Lachlan's water levels are much harder to predict.

The Lachlan River sits on the traditional homelands of the Wiradjuri Aboriginal people. They live in an area known as "the land of the three rivers." This area includes the Macquarie, Lachlan, and Murrumbidgee Rivers. In 1815, George William Evans visited the river. He named it after Lachlan Macquarie, the governor of New South Wales. Later, John Oxley explored the river in 1817. In the early colonial days, the southern part was called Fish River. Explorers later realized the Fish River and the Lachlan were the same river. They then dropped the name Fish River.

Flooding is a significant part of the river's history. At Forbes, the river has flooded every seven years since 1887. In June 1952, the river reached its highest level at the Forbes Iron Bridge. During this flood, more than 900 families were evacuated. Many people had to be rescued from rooftops by boat and helicopter. In August 1990, 132 houses in Forbes were affected by water. In 1992, floods caused farmers to lose 30 percent of their lucerne crops. At least 500 sheep drowned near Eugowra and Trundle. Other major floods occurred in 1891, 1916, 1951, 1956, 1961, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1998, 2012, 2016, and 2021.

The river catchment is vital for the local economy and people. A catchment is the area of land where water collects. More than 100,000 people live within the Lachlan catchment. The area includes upper tablelands, mixed farming slopes, plains, and rangelands. It also includes lower floodplains. Approximately 12 percent of all agricultural businesses in New South Wales are in this catchment. The river also appears in Australian culture. It is mentioned in the poem "Clancy of the Overflow." It is also featured in the folk song "Streets of Forbes."

OxleyLachlanRiver
OxleyLachlanRiver
661 words

Where will your curiosity go next?

Keep exploring at your chosen reading level.

🖼️ Images & Media (1)
File:OxleyLachlanRiver.JPG
OxleyLachlanRiver.JPG
More to explore

🔬 Go deeper

More advanced topics to explore

🪜 Step back

Simpler topics to build understanding

What is Nepedia?

A free, ad-free encyclopedia for children. Every article is written at five reading levels, so the same page works for a five-year-old and a fifteen-year-old — use the level switcher above to see this one change. No account needed to read.