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Karakoram

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The Karakoram is a huge mountain range in Asia.

Karakoram location map
Karakoram location map

It sits mostly in the Kashmir region. The mountains stretch across the borders of Pakistan, China, and India. Some parts even reach into Afghanistan and Tajikistan. This range is the second-highest in the world. It is part of a big group of mountains. This group includes the Pamir, Hindu Kush, and Himalaya ranges.

Karakoram Range
Karakoram Range

This place is very icy and cold. It is the most glaciated place on Earth outside of the North and South Poles. This means it has more glaciers than almost anywhere else. Many of these glaciers are huge sheets of ice. The Siachen Glacier and the Biafo Glacier are two of the longest.

Biafo Glacier, Gilgit Region
Biafo Glacier, Gilgit Region

Some glaciers have a layer of black gravel on top. This rubble acts like a blanket. It protects the ice from the warmth of the sun. This helps the ice stay cold.

People have explored these mountains for a long time. Early European travelers visited in the early 1800s. British surveyors began working there in 1856. One man, Colonel Francis Younghusband, crossed the Muztagh Pass in 1887. Other explorers mapped the valleys in the 1890s and 1920s. The mountains are very rugged and high. Because of this, not many people live here. It is much less crowded than the Himalaya mountains.

Hunza Valley, view from Eagle's Nest
Hunza Valley, view from Eagle's Nest

The name Karakoram comes from a Turkic word. It means "black gravel." Long ago, traders used the name for the Karakoram Pass. This pass was part of an old trade route. It connected Ladakh to Yarkand. The mountains are also home to many very high peaks. There are eighteen summits higher than 7,000 meters. Four of these are even higher, at over 8,000 meters. These include K2, Gasherbrum I, Broad Peak, and Gasherbrum II.

Baltoro region from space annotated
Baltoro region from space annotated

K2 is the most famous mountain in the range. It is the second-highest mountain on the whole Earth. In the 1850s, a man named Thomas Montgomerie gave the high peaks code names. He used K1, K2, and K3 to label them. This helped people keep track of the many summits. Today, the Karakoram is still a place of wonder. It is a very active place for geology. The mountains sit where two huge pieces of the Earth's crust meet.

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🖼️ Images & Media (5)
File:Biafo Glacier, Gilgit Region.jpg
Biafo Glacier, Gilgit Region.jpg
File:Hunza Valley, view from Eagle's Nest.jpg
Hunza Valley, view from Eagle's Nest.jpg
File:Karakoram location map.png
Karakoram location map.png
File:Baltoro region from space annotated.png
Baltoro region from space annotated.png
File:Karakoram Range.jpg
Karakoram Range.jpg
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