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John the Apostle

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John the Apostle was a key figure in the early Christian tradition.

John the Apostle. Detail of the mosaic in the Basilica of San Vitale. Ravena, Italy
John the Apostle. Detail of the mosaic in the Basilica of San Vitale. Ravena, Italy

He is known as one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Many people call him the "beloved disciple" in the New Testament. Some traditions also name him Saint John the Theologian. He belonged to a family of Jewish fishermen near the Sea of Galilee. His father was named Zebedee and his mother was Salome. His brother James was also one of the twelve apostles.

Albrecht Dürer - The Four Holy Men (John the Evangelist and Peter) - WGA7025
Albrecht Dürer - The Four Holy Men (John the Evangelist and Peter) - WGA7025

In many stories, John is part of a very close group. This group included the apostles Peter and James. Jesus allowed these three men to be present at special moments. These included the Transfiguration and the Agony in the Garden.

Johannesminne BNM
Johannesminne BNM

During the Last Supper, John sat next to Jesus. The Bible says he leaned on Jesus during this meal. After Jesus died, John stayed near the cross with several women. Jesus even asked John to take care of Mary, his mother.

Pietro Perugino 040
Pietro Perugino 040

Later, John and Peter helped lead the very first churches.

History tells us many different things about John's life. Some traditions say he lived for fifty years after James died. James was the first apostle to die as a martyr in AD 44.

Lamentation of the Virgin Rohan
Lamentation of the Virgin Rohan

Some people believe John was the only apostle to die of natural causes. However, modern scholars are divided on whether these claims are true. He is often listed as one of the first four apostles. He was sometimes called the youngest of the group. He was also known by names like John of Patmos.

Byzantinischer Maler um 1100 001
Byzantinischer Maler um 1100 001

Many people believe John wrote important books of the Bible. These are often called the Johannine works. They include the Gospel of John and the Book of Revelation.

St John the Apostle by Jacques Bellange
St John the Apostle by Jacques Bellange

Some also believe he wrote three letters called the Johannine epistles. Tradition has held this view for a very long time. However, many modern scholars have different ideas about this. Most scholars today think he might not have written them. They disagree on whether the author of the letters was the same as the author of the gospel.

Scholars use many clues to study when these books were written. Some think the Gospel of John was written between AD 65 and AD 85. Other experts believe it was written between AD 90 and AD 100.

Toros Roslin Manrankar
Toros Roslin Manrankar

Some even suggest it was written in several different stages. These studies help us understand how these ancient stories were made. Even though people disagree, John remains a major figure in history. His life and his writings continue to be studied by many people today.

Helsinki Cathedral John the Evangelist
Helsinki Cathedral John the Evangelist
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🖼️ Images & Media (11)
File:John the Apostle. Detail of the mosaic in the Basilica of San Vitale. Ravena, Italy.jpg
John the Apostle. Detail of the mosaic in...
File:Toros Roslin Manrankar.jpg
Toros Roslin Manrankar.jpg
File:Albrecht Dürer - The Four Holy Men (John the Evangelist and Peter) - WGA7025.jpg
Albrecht Dürer - The Four Holy Men (John...
File:Johannesminne BNM.jpg
Johannesminne BNM.jpg
File:Pietro Perugino 040.jpg
Pietro Perugino 040.jpg
File:Lamentation of the Virgin Rohan.jpg
Lamentation of the Virgin Rohan.jpg
File:Heilige Johannes.jpg
Heilige Johannes.jpg
File:Byzantinischer Maler um 1100 001.jpg
Byzantinischer Maler um 1100 001.jpg
File:Tomb of Saint John the Apostle.jpg
Tomb of Saint John the Apostle.jpg
File:Helsinki Cathedral John the Evangelist.jpg
Helsinki Cathedral John the Evangelist.jpg
File:St John the Apostle by Jacques Bellange.jpg
St John the Apostle by Jacques Bellange.jpg
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