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Japanese archipelago

geography Maturity 7-9 Next article →

The Japanese archipelago is a vast chain of islands. It forms the sovereign state of Japan. This group of islands is located in East Asia. It sits along the Pacific coast of the Eurasian continent. The archipelago is a massive land feature. It is the largest island country in East Asia. Globally, it ranks as the fourth-largest island country.

The archipelago stretches across a wide area of the Pacific Ocean. In the northeast, it begins near the Sea of Okhotsk. In the southwest, it reaches toward the East China Sea and the Philippine Sea. The islands are organized into three distinct island arcs. An island arc is a curved chain of islands. These are the Northeastern Japan Arc, the Southwestern Japan Arc, and the Ryukyu Island Arc.

Geography defines the archipelago through its many islands and varied topography. There are 14,125 islands in total. For this count, a landmass must have a circumference of more than 100 meters. While there are many islands, only 430 are inhabited by people. The islands are divided into several specific topographical regions. These include Hokkaido, Honshu, and Shikoku with their surrounding islands. Another region includes Kyushu and the Ryukyu arc.

Different parts of the archipelago have unique characteristics. The eastern part includes Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands. The Nanpō Islands and the Izu Peninsula are also significant. The Izu Peninsula is part of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc. Neighboring these areas are the Daitō Islands and the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc. The Kuril Islands also sit near the archipelago. These features help define the edges of the Japanese territory.

Terminology is used to describe specific parts of this land. The term "Mainland Japan" refers to the largest islands. These main islands are Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. Honshu is the largest island of the entire group. Geographically, the word "mainland" is not perfectly accurate. This is because a mainland usually connects to a continent. In this case, the islands are separated from the Eurasian landmass.

History has also shaped how people name these islands. During the period from 1943 until the end of the Pacific War, Karafuto Prefecture was included. This area is located in south Sakhalin. It was designated as part of the mainland during that time. After the war, a different term emerged. The term "home islands" was used as an exonym. This term defined the area where Japanese sovereignty and imperial rule were restricted.

Today, the term "home islands" is still used in common language. It serves to distinguish the main archipelago from other territories. This helps clarify the relationship between the islands and former colonies. The archipelago also maintains a large exclusive economic zone. This is a specific area of the sea controlled by the country. The scale of the archipelago makes it a major feature of the Pacific.

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