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Indie rock

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Indie rock is a diverse subgenre of rock music. It emerged during the early to mid-1980s. The genre began in the United Kingdom, the United States, and New Zealand. Originally, the term "indie" described music released via independent record labels. These labels operated outside of major corporate music companies. By the 1990s, the term shifted in meaning. It began to describe a specific musical style rather than a business model. Today, indie rock encompasses many different sounds and approaches.

Sonic Youth 2009.05.30 001
Sonic Youth 2009.05.30 001

The movement is deeply rooted in a "do-it-yourself" or DIY ethic. This philosophy encourages musicians to produce and distribute their own work. A pivotal moment occurred on January 29, 1977. The Manchester punk band Buzzcocks released the Spiral Scratch EP. They used their own independent label, New Hormones. The band even printed recording details on the cover. This showed others how to make records at low costs. This helped undermine the monopoly of major record labels.

Television Personalities (5363667797)
Television Personalities (5363667797)

Indie rock includes many distinct subgenres and regional sounds. In the 1990s, several new styles emerged. These included slowcore, Midwest emo, slacker rock, and space rock. Local scenes also developed unique identities. Manchester became known for the baggy style. London and the Thames Valley produced shoegaze music. In New Zealand, the Dunedin sound became a recognized movement. Bands like The Chills and The Clean were central to this sound.

The Chills, Indietracks 2014 10
The Chills, Indietracks 2014 10

The history of the genre draws from many musical eras. Many artists look back to the 1960s for inspiration. The Kinks and The Velvet Underground are cited as early influences. The Byrds and Big Star also helped shape the genre's development. In the late 1970s, the punk rock explosion provided new energy. Two Sex Pistols performances in Manchester in 1976 were very influential. These shows inspired the formation of groups like Joy Division and The Smiths. They also led to the birth of labels like Factory and Creation Records.

Sex Pistols June 4 1976
Sex Pistols June 4 1976

Musicologists and anthropologists have noted specific characteristics of the genre. Anthropologist Wendy Fonarow describes a dichotomy in the music. She sees a tension between a "puritan ethos" and a "romantic one." Some acts use austere ethics, while others are more eccentric. In the 1990s, British acts were often flamboyant performers. In contrast, American acts often used a lack of virtuosity to show authenticity. The genre also features a high proportion of female artists. This is seen in the feminist-informed riot grrrl movement. Bands like Bikini Kill and Bratmobile were part of this era.

Indie rock has moved between the underground and the mainstream. In the 1990s, grunge and Britpop brought more attention to the genre. Some indie bands, such as Radiohead and the Pixies, signed to major labels. This caused a split in the scene. One side followed mainstream radio trends. The other side became increasingly experimental. The 2000s saw a new wave of mainstream success. This was driven by the garage rock and post-punk revival. Bands like The Strokes and The White Stripes led this movement.

The Strokes by Roger Woolman
The Strokes by Roger Woolman

Many successful bands helped expand the genre's reach in the 2000s. The era saw the rise of blog rock and the indie sleaze aesthetic. Groups like Arctic Monkeys and The Killers contributed to this proliferation. The genre remains connected to broader cultural ideas about independence. It reflects a desire to exist outside of mainstream musical values. Whether through experimental sounds or DIY distribution, it remains a significant part of rock history.

Alex Turner and Nick O'Malley Roskilde 2014
Alex Turner and Nick O'Malley Roskilde 2014
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🖼️ Images & Media (12)
File:Velvet Underground & Nico publicity photo (retouched).jpg
Velvet Underground & Nico publicity photo...
File:Sex_Pistols_June_4_1976.jpg
Sex_Pistols_June_4_1976.jpg
File:Television Personalities (5363667797).jpg
Television Personalities (5363667797).jpg
File:The_Chills,_Indietracks_2014_10.jpg
The_Chills,_Indietracks_2014_10.jpg
File:Jesus and Mary Chain 2007.jpg
Jesus and Mary Chain 2007.jpg
File:Bilinda Butcher (cropped 2).jpg
Bilinda Butcher (cropped 2).jpg
File:Stone Roses-17-07-2012 Milan.JPG
Stone Roses-17-07-2012 Milan.JPG
File:Sonic Youth 2009.05.30 001.jpg
Sonic Youth 2009.05.30 001.jpg
File:Stevemalkmus(by Scott Dudelson).jpg
Stevemalkmus(by Scott Dudelson).jpg
File:The Strokes by Roger Woolman.jpg
The Strokes by Roger Woolman.jpg
File:The Libertines (40466665072).jpg
The Libertines (40466665072).jpg
File:Alex Turner and Nick O'Malley Roskilde 2014.jpg
Alex Turner and Nick O'Malley Roskilde 2014.jpg
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